Bill Kaysing

William Charles Kaysing (July 31, 1922 – April 21, 2005) was a writer best known for claiming that the six Apollo moon landings between July 1969 and December 1972 were hoaxes. He is regarded as the instigator of the moon hoax movement.

Education and employment history

Kaysing joined the Navy in 1940 as a Midshipman and eventually was sent to officers' training school which led to his attending University of Southern California [ [http://www.billkaysingtribute.com/biography.php] a brief biography of Bill Kaysing from the Bill Kaysing tribute Site] . In 1949 he received his Bachelor of Arts in English from the University of Redlands. He later worked for a time as a furniture maker, before working at Rocketdyne (a division of North American Aviation and later of Rockwell International), (1956-1963), where Saturn V rocket engines were built. Kaysing was the company's head of technical publications but was not trained as an engineer or scientist. Kaysing's critics believe that Kaysing lacked the technical knowledge to make an informed opinion, and have denounced his conclusions.Fact|date=September 2007

According to Kaysing he worked at Rocketdyne starting on February 13, 1956 as senior technical writer, then on September 24, 1956 as a service analyst, September 15, 1958 he worked as service engineer, following on October 10, 1962 as a publications analyst, and on May 31, 1963 he resigned for personal reasons. [ ref_harvard|Kaysing2002|Kaysing 2002:80|]

Charges that the Moon landing was a hoax

Kaysing asserted that during his tenure at Rocketdyne he was privy to documents pertaining to the Mercury, Gemini, Atlas, and Apollo programs, arguing that one does not need an engineering or science degree to determine that a hoax was being perpetrated. Even before July 1969, he had "a hunch, an intuition, ... a true conviction" and decided that he didn't believe that anyone was going to the moon ref_harvard|Kaysing2002|Kaysing 2002:7|. Kaysing wrote a book entitled "We Never Went to the Moon", which was self-published in 1974, listing Randy Reid as a coauthor ref_harvard|Plait2002|Plait 2002:157|. It was republished in 2002 by Health Research Books, with no coauthor listed. In his book, Kaysing introduced arguments which he said proved the moon landings were faked.

Claims in the book and subsequent sources include:

:*NASA lacked the technical expertise to put a man on the moon.:*The absence of stars in lunar surface photographs. ref_harvard|Kaysing2002|Kaysing 2002:20,21,22,23,24|:*The film used by astronauts on the moon should have melted due to the supposed high levels of radiation. Fact|date=February 2007 :*Unexplained optical anomalies in the photographs taken on the moon.ref_harvard|Kaysing2002|Kaysing 2002:23,25|:*The undulating flags seen in video clips seem incompatible with a vacuum. Fact|date=February 2007 :*The absence of blast craters beneath the lunar modules. Their rocket engines should have blasted away tons of moon dust in the final seconds of descent. Kaysing also claimed that NASA staged both the Apollo 1 fire and the Challenger accident, deliberately murdering the astronauts on board. He suggested that NASA might have learned that these astronauts were about to expose the conspiracy and needed to guarantee their silence. A vocal advocate of conspiracy theories, Kaysing believed there is a high level conspiracy involving the Central Intelligence Agency, Federal Reserve, Internal Revenue Service and other government agencies to brain wash the American public, poison their food supply and control the media. [ [http://www.nardwuar.com/vs/bill_kaysing/index.html Nardwuar vs Bill Kaysing ] ] He also implied that the death of NASA safety inspector Thomas Ronald Baron in a traffic accident with a train a week after he testified before the United States Congress, and the disappearance of his 500-page report, was not an accident. He was also a participant in the Fox Broadcasting Company documentary "Conspiracy Theory: Did We Land on the Moon?" [Conspiracy Theory: Did We Land on the Moon? by Fox TV [http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-1138935117048624484&q=Did%20We%20Land%20on%20the%20Moon?%20&hl=en] ] , which aired on February 15, 2001.

In 1997, Kaysing filed a lawsuit against astronaut Jim Lovell for libel when Lovell called Kaysing's claims "wacky" in the "San José Metro News", July 25-31, 1996. [ [http://www.metroactive.com/papers/metro/01.23.97/polis-rpt-9704.html Metroactive News & Issues | Polis Report ] ]

"The guy is wacky. His position makes me feel angry. We spent a lot of time getting ready to go to the moon. We spent a lot of money, we took great risks, and it's something everyone in this country should be proud of." — James Lovell

The case was dismissed in 1999 ref_harvard|Plait2002|Plait 2002:173| following the granting of a Motion for Summary Judgment filed by San Francisco attorney John Hardy, representing James Lovell. The judgment was affirmed on appeal on First Amendment grounds.

As a result of Kaysing's claims he believed there was a conspiracy against him. [ref_harvard|Kaysing 2002|Kaysing 2002:74, 81|] [ ref_harvard|Kaysing 2002|Kaysing 2002:74|] [ref_harvard|Kaysing 2002|Kaysing 2002:78|] One such event was Price Stern Sloan Publishers' decision not to publish his book, after paying a small advance in exchange for the manuscript. The editor's comments:

I'm afraid we disavow it. You need to read it objectively and critically and perhaps ORGANIZE IT. As it is it wanders all over the landscape. Several interesting paragraphs but they don't hold together, link together. You've also wandered from third to first person. It needs a lot of work. You don't really have a manuscript here - seemed more like random notes about what you WOULD write about if you got around to it. What I mean, it reads like notes to the AUTHOR.

Kaysing wonders why the publisher didn't want to have anything more to do with the book ref_harvard|Kaysing 2002|Kaysing 2002:74, 85|.

Books by Kaysing

Kaysing is the author of many books, including:
* "We Never Went to the Moon: America's Thirty Billion Dollar Swindle". (Cornville, Az. : Desert Publications, 1981.) ISBN 0879473886
* "Eat Well for 99 Cents a Meal". (Port Townsend, Wash. : Loompanics Unlimited, 1996) ISBN 1559501375
* "The Senior Citizen's Survival Manual"
* "The 99 Cent a Meal Cookbook"
* "Great Hot Springs of the West"
* "Bill Kaysing's Freedom Encyclopedia"
* "Privacy: How to Get it, How to Enjoy It"
* "The Ex-urbanite's Complete & Illustrated Easy-does-it First-time Farmer's Guide"
* "Great Hideouts of the West: An Idea Book for Living Free"
* "Fell's Beginner's Guide to Motorcycling"
* "Eat Well on a Dollar a Day". (San Francisco : Chronicle Books, 1975) ISBN 0877010668

and others.

ee also

*Astronauts Gone Wild
*Apollo moon landing hoax accusations
*Apollo Moon landing hoax accusers
*Ralph Rene
*Bart Sibrel

Notes

References

* cite book
last =Kaysing
first = Bill
authorlink =
year = 2002
title = We Never Went to the Moon: America's Thirty Billion Dollar Swindle
publisher = Health Research Books
id=ISBN 0-7873-0487-5

External links

* [http://www.nardwuar.com/vs/bill_kaysing/ A 1996 Radio Interview]
* [http://www.billkaysing.com/ Bill Kaysing Tribute website]
* [http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/2.09/moon.land.html Wired News The Wrong Stuff]
*imdb title|id=0277642|title=Conspiracy Theory Did We Land on the Moon (2001) (TV).