Payne-Desha House

Infobox_nrhp |name =Payne-Desha House
nrhp_type = nrhp


caption =
location=
lat_degrees = 38
lat_minutes = 12
lat_seconds = 45
lat_direction = N
long_degrees = 84
long_minutes = 33
long_seconds = 48
long_direction = W
locmapin = Kentucky
area =
built =1814
architect=
architecture= Federal
added = December 02, 1974
governing_body = Private
refnum=74000902cite web|url=http://www.nr.nps.gov/|title=National Register Information System|date=2008-04-15|work=National Register of Historic Places|publisher=National Park Service]

The Payne-Desha House is an historic house located on land west of Royal Spring Branch near downtown Georgetown, Kentucky, USA that was the built in 1814 by Robert Payne, a Kentucky war hero from the Battle of the Thames. Also, the house was the last residence of Joseph Desha, the ninth governor of Kentucky. cite book |last =Bevins|first=Ann Bolton|authorlink=|coauthors=|title=A History of Scott County as Told by Selected Buildings|publisher=|date=1989|location=Georgetown, Kentucky|pages=80|url=|doi=|id=|isbn=] cite web|url=http://migration.kentucky.gov/kyhs/hmdb/MarkerSearch.aspx?mode=County&county=105|title=Payne-Desha House (Marker Number:2021)|date=2008-07-29|work=Kentucky Historical Marker Database, Kentucky Historical Society|publisher=Kentucky.gov]

The property was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places on December 02, 1974.

History

In 1784, Elijah Craig established the town of Lebanon, Virginia near McClelland's Station, an abandoned army fort. The name was changed to George Town in 1790 as a tribute to the first President of the United States, George Washington. The town was centered around Royal Spring, a large spring that was reliable source of water for the residents and industry in the area. cite web|url=http://www.georgetownky.com/hist.html|title=History|date=|work=Georgetown|publisher=Georgetown/Scott County Tourism Commission|accessdate=2008-07-30] cite web |last=|first=|authorlink=|coauthors=|title=About Scott County|work=Scott County Clerk's Office|publisher=Software Management LLC|date=2004|url=http://www.scottcountyclerk.com/contact_about.html|format=|doi=|accessdate=2008-07-30]

The Payne-Desha House was built on the west side of Royal Spring Branch on land originally owned by Elijah Craig. After Craig's death in 1808, General Richard Gano and Josiah Pitts purchased the property near Royal Spring Branch from Craig'sestate. In 1814 General John Payne bought both pieces of land making a 20 acre estate. Payne's son Robert and daughter-in-law Maria (Williams) built a large stone house on the property. Financial circumstances forced the sale of the the estate in 1821 and Benjamen Smith bought the property. During the later years of his life, former Kentucky Governor Joseph Desha and his wife Margaret relocated to Georgetown. The couple first resided on East Main Street, then in 1841 moved to the property along Royal Spring Branch. Desha lived in the Payne-Desha House until his death on October 11, 1842.

James Y. Kelly owned the property in the later part of the 19th century when extensive changes were made to the exterior of the house. Another long time resident of the house was James R. Hamilton, who remodeled the structure in 1955 and 1975.

Architecture

Originally, the Payne-Desha House was built in the Federal style, and in the late 1800's the structure was updated to the then popular Italianate style. Additionally, the house underwent renovations in 1955 and 1975. As first built, the Payne-Desha house featured "an arch spanned central hall, a winding staircase, ash floors, sunburst design mantels, beaded and fluted woodwork, three basements, and a hipped roof" making the stone building one of the most intricate early stone structures in Scott County, Kentucky.

The exterior of the house was altered in the late 1800's with the addition of Italianate style porches, hoodmolds, and roofbrackets.

References