Kalburgi

Infobox Indian Jurisdiction
native_name =(Gulbarga)
ಕಲಬುರ್ಗಿ(ಗುಲ್ಬರ್ಗ)| type=city
latd = 17.3333 | longd = 76.8333
state_name = Karnataka
district = Gulbarga District
division = Gulbarga Division
leader_title=Municipal commissioner
altitude = 454
population_as_of = 2001
area_telephone = 91 8472
postal_code = 585101
vehicle_code_range= KA32

Kalburgi (formerly Gulbarga; Kannada:ಕಲಬುರ್ಗಿ) is a town in the Indian state of Karnataka. It is the administrative headquarters of Gulbarga District, and of Gulbarga Division. Gulbarga is 613 km north of Bangalore and well connected by road to Bijapur, Hyderabad, Solapur and Bidar. A railway line connecting the southern part of India to Mumbai and Delhi passes through Kalburgi.

History

The city of Gulbarga was founded by the Bahmani Sultans in the 14th century as thier capital. However the history of the region dates back to the 6th century when the Rashtrakutas gained control over the area, but the Chalukyas regained their domain and reigned for over two hundred years. The Kalachuri who succeeded them ruled till the 12th century. Around the close of the 12th century the Yadavas of Devagiri and the Hoysalas of Halebidu took control of the district. About the same period the Kakatiya dynasty kings of Warangal came into prominence. The present Gulbarga District and Raichur District formed part of their domain.

The Kakatiya power was subdued in 1321, and the northern Deccan, including the district of Gulbarga, passed under the control of the Muslim Sultanate of Delhi. The revolt of the Muslim officers appointed from Delhi resulted in founding of the Bahmani Sultanate in 1347 by Hassan Gangu, who chose Gulbarga to be his capital. When the Bahmani dynasty came to an end, the kingdom broke up into the five independent Deccan sultanates, Bijapur, Bidar, Berar, Ahmednagar and Golconda. The present Gulbarga district came partly under Bidar and partly under Bijapur. With the conquest of the Deccan by Aurangezeb in the 17th Century, control of Gulbarga passed to the Mughal Empire. In the early part of the 18th Century, when Mughal Empire was declining, Asaf Jah I, a general of Aurangzeb, became independent and formed state of Hyderabad in which a major part of Gulbarga area was also included.

The city flourished during the rule of Nizams. Modern buildings were built, Roads and Railways were laid, the city was beautified with gardens, Electricity was introduced, Modern admininstrative setup was laid, Educational institutions were established, Factories namely MSK Mills and Shahbad Factory were established etc. Testimony to which is the only surviving garden (Mehboob Gulshan: named after Nizam VI - Mehboob Ali Pasha) and most of the Government buildings that were built during that time. The city, district and division was ruled by a very cultured, Intellectual and elite bureaucracy.

In 1948 Hyderabad state was annexed to the newly-independent Indian Union, and in 1956 the Indian state of Hyderabad was partitioned among neighboring states along linguistic lines. Most of Gulbarga district became part of Mysore state, later renamed Karnataka, excluding two taluks which were annexed to Andhra Pradesh.

Gulbarga has 10 Talukas, they are Aland, Gulbarga, Sedam, Afzalfur, Shahapur, Chincholi, Yadagiri, Jewargi, Surapur and Chittapur. Gulbarga district is border of Maharastra and Andra Pradesh.

Geography

Gulbarga is located at coord|17.33|N|76.83|E| [ [http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/19/Gulbarga.html Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Gulbarga] ] . It has an average elevation of 455 metres (1492 feet).

coor title dm|17|20|N|76|50|E|region:IN_type:city

The weather in Gulbarga constitutes of 3 main seasons. The summer which spans from late February to mid June. It is followed by the south west monsoon which spans from the late June to late September. It is then followed by dry winter weather till the mid January.

Temperatures during the different seasons are

Summer : 40^oC to 44^oC
Monsoon: 27^oC to 34^oC
Winter : 10^oC to 26^oC

Demographics

As of 2001 India census [GR|India] , Gulbarga had a population of 427,929. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Gulbarga has an average literacy rate of 67%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 73%, and female literacy is 60%. In Gulbarga, 13% of the population is under 6 years of age.

Kannada is the official language spoken by the majority of the population.Urdu is also widely spoken language, English is widely used and understood. Hinduism and Islam are the main religion followed. The Urdu culture of Gulbarga is akin to that of Hyderabad. Even the Kannada spoken here is influenced by Hyderabadi(Deccani) Urdu.

Transport

Gulbarga is well connected via road and rail from Bangalore & other major cities in South India.

Local Transport

Taxis and auto richshaws are available for getting around in the city.

Long Distance Bus Routes

Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC) runs the long distance bus services from Gulbarga to other parts of the state.The Bidar-Srirangapatna State high way made road transportation easy to travel between Bangalore and other neighboring states [like Andra Pradesh,Maharashtra,Goa] .Gulbarga is connected by road to most places in south and west India. Some of these are Hyderabad (220 km), Bangalore (623 km), Bijapur (130 km), Bidar (120 km), Basavakalyan (80 km). And also there are many private bus services which are key players for running Volvo buses between Bangalore and Gulbarga.

Railways

Gulbarga is served by a major rail line and is well connected by trains to all major parts of India. Like Bangalore , Mumbai ,Delhi , Chennai , Hyderabad, Ahmedabad, Rajkot, Coimbature , Kanyakumari , Trivandrum , Nagarcoil , Bhubneshwar , Jodhpur , etc....

Air

The nearest airport is in Hyderabad (220 km).Now Govt of Karnataka has sanctioned new Airport to the Gulbarga City.The construction at the site had started in July 2008 and shall be completed in two years time.

Economy

Agriculture is the main source of income here. Though the land here is dry , much of the farming is dependent on rains (non-irrigated).

Gulbarga is one of the largest red grams producing areas in the State and has the largest dal mills. The main soil found in the district is black soil, which facilitates the cultivation of crops like jowar, groundnut, rice, sugarcane, sunflower, wheat, cotton, linseed and pulses. Gulbarga is also known for rose cultivation. The Upper Krishna Project in the district is a major irrigational venture.

Some of the major industries in the region are textile, leather and chemical industries. Other major industry is cement, Birla group's Vasavadatta cement plant is located in [Sedam] , Rajashree cement is located in [Malkhed] , ACC cement in [Wadi] which are considered as some of the major cluster of cement industries in India.

The next major source of income now is IT as most of the Professionals after completing there academics move to IT hubs such as Bengalooru, Hyderabad etc. Gulbarga is condsiered as one of the most backward region in the country, this is because of lack interest by the government and the politicians in development and economic welfare of the region.

Government has to take few steps to address the basic problems like food, water and education of the rural people. There are only two classes of people here, the very poor and the very rich.

Education

Gulbarga basically developed as an educational hub right from the Nizams time and continues till date.a privately held trust, set up a series of educational institutions beginning with an Engineering collge, which continue to be rated quite well. [cite web | url=http://www.hindu.com/edu/2007/08/20/stories/2007082050210100.htm | title= Check the college rating first | year=2007 | publisher=hindu.com| accessdate=2007-08-20] . Gulbarga has a university Gulbarga University established in 1980. Its jurisdiction extends to the five districts of Gulbarga, Bidar, Raichur, Bellary and Koppal. Earlier it was a post-graduate centre of Karnatak University, Dharwad since 1970. The main campus is situated on a 860 acres of land, 6 kilo meters east of Gulbarga city. It has 37 post-graduate departments and 4 post-graduate centres located at Krishnadevarayanagar, Bellary, Raichur and Bidar. Another post-graduate centre at Basavakalyan is on the anvil. The University enrols about 3500 students every year for various post-graduate, M.Phil. and Ph.D. programmes in various disciplines. There are about 200 faculty members and about 700 technical and non-technical supporting staff. There are 230 colleges affiliated to this University which enrol graduate/diploma courses in arts, fine arts, music, social sciences, science & technology, commerce, education and law.A new Planfor the Central University had been proposed to be build in the city in a few Years..Gulbarga is famous as the 'City of Education' for the Great Institutions Managed by private as well as the government sectors.Below are the famous colleges of Gulbarga:

Medical colleges (Allopathy, Dental, Homopathy and ISM)

* Mahadevappa Rampure Medical College.(MRMC)
* Khaja Banda Nawaz Institute Of Medical Sciences.(KBNIMS)
* S. Nijalingappa Institute of Dental Science.(NIDS)
* Al Badar Dental College & Hospital.(ABDC)
* H.K.E. Society's Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital.(HKESHMC)
* Hingulambika Education Trust's Ayurvedic Medical College.(HETAMC)
* Islamiya Education Ayurveda College.(IEAC)
* Tipu Sultan Unani Medical College and Hospital.(TSUMC)

Engineering Colleges

* Poojya Dpdappa Appa College of Engineering [AUTONOMOUS] (PDACE)
* Khaja Banda Nawaz College of Engineering.(KBNCE)
* K.C.T. Engineering College.(KCTEC)
* Appa Institute of Engineering & Technology.(AIET)

Polytechnic colleges

* N.V. Society's Polytechnic College.
*Government Polytechnic College.
*K.C.T Polytechnic College Aided.
*H.K.E Society's Polytechnic College.

MBA / MCA Colleges

* Doddappa Appa Institute of Business Management,
* Gulbarga University Campus,
* ICFAI MBA College

Biotechnology Colleges

* Vishwesharayya College BSc Biotechnology.
* Deccan Biotech college

chools/PUC/Degree College

* Sri Sharanabasaweshwara Residential Public School(English)
* National High School (EnglishUrdu)
* Lilly Rose School (EnglishUrdu)
* N.V. PU College
* N.V. Degree College.
* Akbar Hussaini (English)
* N.V. School (EnglishKannadaMarathi)
* Kendriya Vidyalaya (CBSE)
* Sri Guru PU college
* St Joseph convent school

Politics

Gulbarga is home for the two ex-chief ministers of Karnataka namely Late Veerendra Patil (1968-1971,1988-1990) and Dharam Singh (2004-2006) both belonging to the Congress party.

Attractions

Gulbarga's old moated fort is in a much deteriorated state, but it has a number of interesting buildings inside including the Jama Masjid, reputed to have been built by a Moorish architect during the late 14th or early 15th century who imitated the great mosque in Cordoba, Spain. The mosque is unique in India, with a huge dome covering the whole area, four smaller ones at the corners, and 75 smaller still all the way around. The fort itself has 15 towers. Gulbarga also has a number of imposing tombs of Bahmani kings, a shrine to an important Muslim saint , Sharana Basaveshwara Temple ,Sri Sai baba temple, Sri Ram Mandir and Sri Bhavani shankar temple(Sri Sadashiv maharaj).

Sri Kshetra Ghangapur is a famous pilgrimage center of God Sri Sadguru Dattarya, situated very close to Gulbarga. Thousands of pilgrims visit Gulbarga during the annual festival held at the holy shrine of Khwaja Bande Nawaz Darga to commemorate his death anniversary.similarly SB's annual fare will fall on march celeberated .

*Khwaja Bande Nawaz Darga (KBN DARGA)
*Sharana Basaveshwara Temple.(S.B.TEMPLE)

peoples of tha city itself.

Notes

External links

* [http://www.onlinegulbarga.com Online Gulbarga]
* [http://www.gulbargainfo.com its a Gulbarga's online Business Directory]
* [http://www.gulbargacity.gov.in Official Website of Gulbarga City Corporation]
* [http://www.glb.in/ Gulbarga on the net]
* [http://www.gulbargachurmury.com/ Lots of Info about Gulbarga on net]
* [http://www.leadersindia.com/karnataka.html Profiles of all the Districts in Karnataka]
* [http://www.ioc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~islamarc/WebPage1/htm_eng/gulbarga-eng.htm Gulbarga at the Islamic Monuments of India Photographic Database]
* [http://www.eGulbarga.com link Gulbarga Online]
* [http://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/karnataka/districts/gulbarga.htm]
* [http://gulbargainfo.com]