- Thomas Baylies
Thomas Baylies (1687-1756) was a Quaker
ironmaster first in England, then inMassachusetts .Origins and family
Thomas Baylies was the son of Nicholas Baylies of
Alvechurch in northWorcestershire . On5 June 1706 , he married Esther, daughter of Thomas Seargeant of Fulford Heath, inSolihull in a Quaker ceremony at which 38 winesses were present. They had eight children. [Mary Richmond Baylies Allen, "Reminiscences of the Baylies and Richmond families" (c.1880). ] Esther's sister Mary marriedAbraham Darby I . [Arthur Raistrick , "A Dynasty of Ironfounders" (1953; Sessions, York 1989), 3. ]Coalbrookdale
By 1714, Baylies had joined his brother-in-law, Abraham Darby, at his
Coalbrookdale ironworks, becoming a partner with him and John Chamberlain. Together they built a secondblast furnace at Coalbrookdale and secured the rights to build a furnace at Dolgûn nearDolgellau and taking overVale Royal Furnace in 1718. However, Darby died in July 1717, before any progress was made with either project, and the partnership was dissolved. [Raistrick, 39–44.]Vale Royal Company
Baylies took over the Coalbrookdale Company's right to Vale Royal. Lacking sufficient capital, he formed a new parternship with Charles Cholmondeley of
Vale Royal Abbey , Richard Turner of Pettywood and William Watts of Newton nearMiddlewich . Turner was concerned in a coalmine atThatto Heath near St Helens and persuaded his partners to build a furnace at Sutton (there). They also built a forge atActon Bridge and intended to (but perhaps did not) build another at Dean Mill inHaydock . Baylies moved to Marton near the works. The original capital of £5000 was doubled when the second furnace was planned. Baylies had difficulty in paying up the capital of his share, now reduced to one-sixth, because it was still tied up in the stock at Coalbrookdale. His difficulties were made worse by Mary Darby's death following soon after that of her husband. The company suffered substantial losses, forcing Cholmondeley to make an assignment of his estate for the benefit of his creditors, blaming his troubles on the obstinacy of Dick Turner. [P. W. King, 'The Vale Royal Company and its Rivals', "Transactions of the Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire" 142 (1993), 7–11.]Later Activities in Great Britain
It is not clear how long Baylies remained a partner in the Vale Royal Company; certainly he was not its clerk. In 1723, he was employed by William Wood to negotiate a lease of an
iron ore mine atFrizington inCumberland , and he may have had some involvement with his works there in 1728. However he was living inStourbridge in 1729. [The National Archives, PC 1/4/107/6. ] Between 1730 and 1735, he may have even been concerned in the management of the Culnakyle ironworks atAbernethy of theYork Buildings Company .Fact|date=July 2008 In 1735, he became the manager of a furnace nearNeath , perhaps Bryncoch Furnace, which belonged to a Quaker Company formBristol . [Shropshire Archives, 6001/3190, letter of 30 Apr. 1735. ]Massachusetts
Baylies (with his son Nicholas and daughter Esther) emigrated from
London toBoston, Massachusetts , arriving in June 1737. The following year, he brought over his wife and his daughters Mary and Helen. He settled at Attleborough Gore (nowCumberland, Rhode Island ), where he was an ironmaster under contract (of 1738) with Richard Clarke & Co. of Boston. Little is known of his time in America, but he and his wife (who died on7 May 1754 ) were buried in a family burying ground beside theTaunton River . [Allen, 8. ]References
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