Robert Kilwardby

Infobox Archbishop of Canterbury
Full name = Robert Kilwardby


birth_name =
consecration = 26 February 1273
began=unknown
term_end = 12 March 1278
predecessor = William Chillenden
successor = Robert Burnell
birth_date = c. 1215
death_date = 11 September 1279
tomb =

Robert Kilwardby (c. 1215 – 11 September 1279) was an Archbishop of Canterbury in England and a cardinal.

Life

He studied at the University of Paris, where he soon became famous as a teacher of grammar and logic. He then joined the Dominican Order and turning his attention to theology,Lawrence "The Thirteenth Century" in Lawrence (ed.) "The English Church & the Papacy in the Middle Ages" p. 146] and became regent at Oxford University before 1261,Knowles "The Evolution of Medieval Thought" p. 288] probably by 1245.Leff "Paris and Oxford Universities" p. 290-293] He was chosen provincial prior of his order in England in 1261, [http://british-history.ac.uk/report.asp?compid=33853 British History Online Archbishops of Canterbury] accessed on September 11, 2007] and in October 1272 Pope Gregory X terminated a dispute over the vacant archbishopric of Canterbury by appointing Kilwardby. He was provided to the archbishopric on 11 October 1272, given the temporalities on 12 December 1272, and consecrated on 26 February 1273.Fryde "Handbook of British Chronology" p. 233]

Although the new archbishop crowned Edward I and his queen Eleanor in August 1274, he took little part in business of state, but was energetic in discharging the spiritual duties of his office. He was charitable to the poor, and showed liberality to the Dominicans.Moorman "Church Life in England in the Thirteenth Century" p. 371]

In 1278 Pope Nicholas III made him Cardinal Bishop of Porto and Santa Rufina; he resigned his archbishopric and left England, carrying with him the registers and other books and belonging to the see of Canterbury. He also left the see deep in debt again, after his predecessor had cleared the debt.Moorman "Church Life in England in the Thirteenth Century" p. 173] He died in Italy the following year. While in theory this was a promotion, probably it was not, as the pope was unhappy with Kilwardy's support of efforts to resist the payment of papal revenues and with the lack of effort towards the reforms demanded at the Council of Lyons in 1274.Prestwich "Edward I" p. 249]

Kilwardby was the first member of a mendicant order to attain a high position in the English Church. Among his numerous writings, which became very popular among students, are "De ortu scientiarum", "De tempore", "De Universali", and some commentaries on Aristotle.

"De tempore" has been translated and edited by Alexander Broadie recently, and published as "On Time and Imagination, Part 2: Introduction and Translation" (Oxford University Press, 1993), ISBN 0-19-726121-3. (Part 1 is the original text.)

His theological and philosophical views were summed up by David Knowles who said that he was a "conservative eclectic, holding the doctrine of seminal tendencies and opposing...the Aristotelian doctrine of the unity of form in beings, including man."Knowles "The Evolution of Medieval Thought" p. 249] Some sources state that he was the author of "Summa Philosophiae", a history and description of the schools of philosophical thought then current, but the writing style is not similar to his other works, and Knowles, for one, does not believe it was authored by Kilwardby.Knowles "The Evolution of Medieval Thought" p. 287] He was an opponent of Thomas Aquinas, and in 1277 he prohibited the teaching of thirty of Thomas' concepts.Burton "Monastic and Religious Orders" pp. 206-207]

Notes

References

*1911 The article is available here: [http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Robert_Kilwardby Robert Kilwardby at Love to Know]
* [http://british-history.ac.uk/report.asp?compid=33853 British History Online Archbishops of Canterbury] accessed on September 11, 2007
*
*cite book |author=Fryde, E. B. |coauthors=Greenway, D. E.; Porter, S.; Roy, I. |title=Handbook of British Chronology|edition=Third Edition, revised |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Cambridge |year=1996 |isbn=0-521-56350-X
*Hook, W. F., "Lives of the Archbishops of Canterbury", vol. iii. (London, 1860—1876)
*Knowles, Dom David "The Evolution of Medieval Thought" London:Longmans 1962
*Lawrence, C. H. ed. "The English Church and the Papacy in the Middle Ages" Stroud:Sutton Publishing reprint 1999 ISBN 0-7509-1947-7
*Lawrence, C. H. "The Thirteenth Century" in Lawrence, C. H. ed. "The English Church and the Papacy in the Middle Ages" Stroud:Sutton Publishing reprint 1999 ISBN 0-7509-1947-7
* Leff, Gordon "Paris and Oxford Universities in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries: An Institutional and Intellectual History" Huntingdon, NY: Robert E. Krieger Publishing Company 1975 ISBN 0-88275-297-9
*Moorman, John R. H. "Church Life in England in the Thirteenth Century" Revised Edition Cambridge:Cambridge University Press 1955
* Quétif, J. and J. Echard, "Scriptores ordinis Predicatorum" (Paris, 1719—1721)
*Prestwich, Michael "Edward I" New Haven:Yale University Press 1997 ISBN 0-300-07157-4
*Trevet, Nicholas, "Annales sex regum Angliae", edited by T. Hog (London, 1845)

External links

* [http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_%281913%29/Robert_Kilwardby Robert Kilwardby at Catholic Encyclopedia]
* [http://maritain.nd.edu/jmc/etext/homp312.htm History of Medieval Philosophy]

Persondata
NAME= Kilwardy, Robert
ALTERNATIVE NAMES=
SHORT DESCRIPTION=Archbishop of Canterbury; Cardinal Bishop of Porto and Santa Rufina
DATE OF BIRTH= about 1215
PLACE OF BIRTH=
DATE OF DEATH=September 11, 1279
PLACE OF DEATH=