James Alden, Jr.

Infobox Military Person
name= James Alden, Jr.
lived= March 31 1810 - February 6 1877
placeofbirth= Portland, Maine
placeofdeath= San Francisco, California


caption=
nickname=
allegiance= USN
serviceyears= 1828-1873
rank= Rear Admiral
commands=
unit=
battles= Mexican-American War
American Civil War
awards=
laterwork=

James Alden, Jr. (March 31 1810 - February 6 1877) was a Rear Admiral in the United States Navy.

Alden was born in Portland, Maine, and was a direct descendant of John Alden, a Mayflower pilgrim. He was appointed midshipman on April 1 1828 and spent the initial years of his naval career ashore at the Naval Station in Boston, Massachusetts before he served in the Mediterranean squadron on board the sloop of war USS "John Adams". Promoted to passed midshipman on June 14 1834, Alden then served at the Boston Navy Yard until he was assigned to the United States Exploring Expedition under Lieutenant Charles Wilkes.

During the course of this voyage (1838-1842), the officers and men of the expedition were transferred freely from one vessel to another; Alden, promoted to lieutenant on February 25 1841, concluded the cruise as executive officer of the sloop USS "Porpoise". He saw action at Malolo, in the Fiji Islands, on July 26 1840, in the punitive expedition against the tribe which had murdered Lieutenant Joseph Underwood and Midshipman Wilkes Henry, the latter a nephew of the expedition's leader, two days before.

After another tour of duty at the naval station at Boston, Alden was assigned to USS "Constitution", and circumnavigated the globe in the frigate during her cruise under Captain John ("Mad Jack") Percival. While serving therein, he commanded a boat expedition that cut out several war junks from under the guns of a fort at Zuron Bay, Cochin China. Later serving in the Home Squadron during the Mexican-American War (1846), Alden, an adept surveyor, participated in the captures of Veracruz, Tuxpan and Tabasco.

Following the war with Mexico, Alden served as inspector of provisions and clothing at Boston until detached from this duty on May 18 1849 to go to Washington, D.C., and report to the Secretary of the Treasury for duty with the United States Coast Survey. From the summer of 1849 to the late winter of 1851, he commanded, in succession, the Coast Survey steamers "John Y. Mason" and "Walker" in survey duty off the eastern seaboard. Assigned to duty on the Pacific coast thereafter, Alden traveled to San Francisco where he ultimately assumed command of the steamer USS "Active", and carried out survey work off the west coast into 1860. During this time, on September 1 1855, he was promoted to commander.

Indian disturbances in the Washington Territory in January 1856 highlighted Alden's tour of duty in command of "Active"; and his ship, joining the sloop-of-war USS "Decatur" and the steamer USS "Massachusetts", proved "of great service" during those troubled times. "Active" operated in the headwaters of Puget Sound, where her presence reassured the settlers. In the summer of 1859, during tensions incident to an American's killing a Britisher's pig on San Juan Island, "Active"'s timely arrival at that isle apparently helped to quiet a potentially dangerous situation in what became later known as the "Pig War."

The outbreak of the U.S. Civil War in the spring of 1861 found Alden in command of the steamer USS "South Carolina", in which he participated in the relief of Fort Pickens. Next given the steam sloop USS "Richmond", Alden commanded that ship in the passage of Fort Jackson and Fort St. Philip, and in the engagements with Confederate batteries at Chalmette, Louisiana, twice passing the southern guns at Vicksburg, Mississippi, and in the battle at Port Hudson, Louisiana.

Promoted to captain on January 2 1863, Alden next assumed command of the steam sloop USS "Brooklyn", and led that ship in the action with Fort Gaines and Fort Morgan and with the Confederate gunboats in the Battle of Mobile Bay. While "Brooklyn" was being sent north for repairs, she was attached to the naval forces gathering off Fort Fisher, North Carolina, and took part in both assaults on that Confederate bastion.

Promoted to commodore on July 25 1866, Alden, over the next two years, commanded, in succession, the steam sloop USS "Susquehanna" and the steam frigate USS "Minnesota" before he was given the commandantcy of the Mare Island Navy Yard. Appointed Chief of the Bureau of Navigation in April 1869, Alden — promoted to rear admiral on June 19 1871 — returned to sea in 1871 with orders to command the naval force on the European Station.

Departing New York in his flagship, USS "Wabash", on November 17 1871, Alden relieved Rear Admiral Charles S. Boggs at Villefranche, France, on January 1 1872. Although placed on the retired list on March 31 1872, Alden remained on active duty commanding the European Fleet until relieved by Rear Admiral A. Ludlow Case at Villefranche on June 2 1873. His last tour of duty afloat completed, he sailed home in his former command, "Brooklyn". Alden died at San Francisco on February 6 1877, but was buried in his native Portland on February 24 1877.

The U.S. Navy destroyer USS "Alden" was named for him.

References

:DANFS
* [http://history.navy.mil/danfs/a5/alden.htm "Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships", Naval Historical Center, Department of the Navy]