Tumacácori National Historical Park

Infobox Protected area
name = Tumacácori National Historic Park
iucn_category = V

---

caption =
locator_x = 60
locator_y = 130
location = Santa Cruz County, Arizona, USA
nearest_city = Nogales, Arizona
lat_degrees = 31
lat_minutes = 34
lat_seconds = 03
lat_direction = N
long_degrees = 111
long_minutes = 03
long_seconds = 03
long_direction = W
area = 360 acres (1.5 km²)
established = August 6, 1990
visitation_num = 48,492
visitation_year = 2004
governing_body = National Park Service

Tumacácori National Historical Park is located in the upper Santa Cruz River Valley of southern Arizona. The park protects the ruins of three Spanish mission communities, two of which are National Historic Landmark sites, and it also contains the Tumacacori Museum, a historic landmark building built in 1937 that is also a National Historic Landmark. The park consists of convert|360|acre|km2 in three separate units.

The Franciscan churches at San José de Tumacácori and Los Santos Ángeles de Guevavi both date to the late 1700s. The earlier Jesuit missions that were established at Tumacacori and Guevavi in 1691 are the two oldest missions in southern Arizona, but there are no visible remains of these early structures.

The third unit, San Cayetano de Calabazas, was established in 1756. The Guevavi and Calabazas units are not open to the general public and can only be visited on reserved tours led by park staff. The main unit of the park, the Tumacácori Mission, has a visitor center and museum and is open to the public every day except Christmas and Thanksgiving.

A convert|4.5|mi|km segment of the Juan Bautista de Anza National Historic Trail lies along the Santa Cruz River between Tumacácori National Historical Park and Tubac Presidio State Historic Park.

The site was originally proclaimed Tumacacori National Monument on September 15, 1908, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on October 15, 1966. On August 6, 1990, it was redesignated a National Historical Park and the Guevavi and Calabazas units were added to the park.

History of San José de Tumacácori Mission

San Cayetano del Tumacácori Mission was established in 1691 by Father Eusebio Francisco Kino. It was established one day before the Guevavi Mission, making it the oldest Jesuit mission site in southern Arizona. The mission was originally called San Cayetano del Tumacácori and was located in a different location than the National Monument. It was established at an extant native O'odham or Sobaipuri settlement on the east side of the river. The location of this Sobaipuri settlement and the original place visited by Kino has been identified by archaeologist Deni Seymour who excavated and reported on the original San Cayetano del Tumacacori mission site, revising the earlier opinions of Charles Di Peso as to where this settlement was located.

After the Pima rebellion of 1751, the mission was moved to the present site on the west side of the Santa Cruz river and renamed San José de Tumacácori. By 1848, the mission was abandoned and began falling into severe disrepair. Preservation and stabilization efforts began in 1908 when the area was declared a National Monument by President Theodore Roosevelt and continue today.

Tumacacori Museum

Infobox_nrhp | name =Tumacacori Museum
nrhp_type =nhl


caption =
location= Tumacacori National Monument, Tumacacori, Arizona
lat_degrees = 31
lat_minutes = 34
lat_seconds = 3.88
lat_direction = N
long_degrees = 111
long_minutes = 3
long_seconds = 1.45
long_direction = W
locmapin = Arizona
area =
built =1937
architect= Scofield DeLong; Et al.
architecture= Mission/spanish Revival
designated= May 28, 1987cite web|url=http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?aResourceId=2020&ResourceType=Building
title=Tumacacori Museum |accessdate=2008-02-26|work=National Historic Landmark summary listing|publisher=National Park Service]
added = May 28, 1987cite web|url=http://www.nr.nps.gov/|title=National Register Information System|date=2007-01-23|work=National Register of Historic Places|publisher=National Park Service]
governing_body = NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
refnum=87001437

Tumacacori Museum is a museum building built in 1937 within what was then Tumacacori National Monument and is now Tumacacori National Historic Park. It contains interpretative displays relating to three historic missions preserved within the park, and includes artwork created by artist Herbert A. Collins. [ [http://www.nps.gov/archive/tuma/Dioramas.html Dioramas in the visitor center at Tumacácori National Historical Park] ]

The museum building, a fine example of Mission Revival architecture, was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1987.,citation|title=PDFlink| [http://pdfhost.focus.nps.gov/docs/NHLS/Text/87001437.pdf National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: Tumacacori Museum] |587 KiB |author=Laura Soullière Harrison|date=1986|publisher=National Park Service and PDFlink| [http://pdfhost.focus.nps.gov/docs/NHLS/Photos/87001437.pdf "Accompanying 35 photos by Laura Soullière Harrison, exterior and interior, from 1985"] |2.36 MiB ] cite web|url=http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/harrison/harrison27.htm |title="Architecture in the Parks: A National Historic Landmark Theme Study: Tumacacori Museum", by Laura Soullière Harrison |accessdate=2008-02-26|work=National Historic Landmark Theme Study|publisher=National Park Service]

References

External links

*Official NPS website: [http://www.nps.gov/tuma/ Tumacácori National Historical Park]
* [http://parentseyes.arizona.edu/missions/Oquitoa.html Mission Churches of the Sonoran Desert]
* [http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/harrison/harrison27.htm Tumacacori Museum] , a National Historic Landmark
* [http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/D?hh:2:./temp/~pp_giaV:: Photographs and architectural drawings of Tumacacori Mission] from Historic American Buildings Survey
* [http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/travel/amsw/ American Southwest, a National Park Service "Discover Our Shared Heritage" Travel Itinerary]