Pasco-Kennewick Bridge (1922)

Infobox Bridge
bridge_name = Pasco–Kennewick Bridge

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caption = As seen from the newer Cable Bridge
official_name =
carries =
crosses = Columbia River
locale = Pasco–Kennewick, Washington
maint =
id =
designer = M. M. Caldwell
design = Cantilever truss bridge
material = Steel
spans =
pierswater =
mainspan = convert|432|ft|m|0|abbr=on
length = convert|3300|ft|m|0|abbr=on
width =
height = convert|185|ft|m|0|abbr=on
load =
clearance =
below = convert|54|ft|m|0|abbr=on
traffic =
begin =
complete =
open = October 21 1922
closed = 1995
toll =
map_cue =
map_

map_text =
map_width =
coordinates =
lat =
long = The Pasco-Kennewick Bridge or Benton-Franklin Inter-County Bridge, known locally as the Green Bridge,cite book | title=Washington Then & Now | first=Paul | last=Dorpat | coauthors=Sherrard, Jean | page=106 | year=2007 | publisher=Big Earth Publishing | isbn=1565795474] was a steel cantilever truss bridge crossing the Columbia River in central Washington, connecting the cities of Pasco and Kennewick. After it was replaced by the Cable Bridge in 1978, the bridge was demolished in 1995.

Construction

It was completed in 1922 after only a year of construction, replacing an outmoded ferry system in which a single trip transported a maximum of six cars across the Columbia River. Originally planned in 1913 by B. B. Horrigan, funding was not secured until 1919, when Charles G. Huber of the Union Bridge Company sold $49,000 worth of stock to finance the project, despite the country being in the grips of the Post-World War I recession.cite web | url=http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/hhh.wa0138 | title=Pasco-Kennewick Bridge | format=data pages | work=Historic American Engineering Record | publisher=National Park Service | date=October 1980 | first=Lisa | last=Soderberg | accessdate=2008-05-28] It was the first bridge of that size to be financed entirely with stock sales.cite web | url=http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=7529 | title=Pasco-Kennewick (Benton-Franklin Inter-County) Bridge spanning the Columbia River is dedicated on October 21, 1922 | publisher=HistoryLink | first=Elizabeth | last=Gibson | date=October 31 2005 | accessdate=2008-05-27] The bridge was operated as a toll bridge for the first nine years; the tolls were removed once the initial construction costs had been repaid. It was also the first of three cantilever bridges built over the Columbia River in the 1920s.

The construction of the bridge was seen as a landmark in the development of the state's economy. The significance of the bridge is partly reflected in the beliefs and expectations of local and state residents who perceived the dedication as a history-making event, bringing together people from across the state; a gala affair that included speeches, car caravans, picnics, street dancing, and carnivals. As the "Kennewick Courier-Reporter" wrote, "The day the bridge was opened to traffic, a new era dawned for each community."

Not only did it transform the nickname "Twin Cities" into reality, but it was also a major crossing of the Columbia River, thereby making it an important part of the transcontinental Yellowstone Trail, [cite book | title=Great American Bridges and Dams | first=Donald C. | last=Jackson | coauthors=McCullough, David G. | year=1988 | publisher=John Wiley & Sons | id=ISBN 0471143855 | page=314 | url=http://books.google.com/books?id=v3WWvdOUcFEC&pg=PA314&lpg=PA314&dq=Pasco-Kennewick+Bridge+1922&source=web&ots=brc1uQ_PWr&sig=yRdPCQKz3CFItU7o1iOKJoQAtpA&hl=en#PPA314,M1] and marked the first time that eastern and western halves of the state cooperated in the construction of something that was beneficial to both.

The state of Washington purchased the bridge in 1931 and added it to the state highway system in 1933.

Demolition

Infobox_nrhp | name =Pasco-Kennewick Bridge
nrhp_type =

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caption = Pasco-Kennewick Bridge with the Cable Bridge in the background.
location= Pasco, Washington
locmapin = Washington
area =
built =1922
architect= Union Bridge Co.
added = July 16, 1990
governing_body = Local
mpsub=Historic Bridges/Tunnels in Washington State TR
refnum=82004213cite web|url=http://www.nr.nps.gov/|title=National Register Information System|date=2008-04-15|work=National Register of Historic Places|publisher=National Park Service] After the completion of the Cable Bridge, bridge preservationists succeeded in placing the Pasco-Kennewick Bridge on the National Register of Historic Places. As a result, the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation came to an agreement with the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and the Washington state historic preservation office such that if the state wanted to demolish the bridge, it would then be subject to a popular vote. In 1980, citizens of both Pasco and Kennewick voted in favor of its demolition, which then triggered a review by the FHWA to determine if any alternative uses could save the bridge from destruction. Preservationists submitted alternative plans to the FHWA, but the FHWA subsequently ruled that none of them were feasible or prudent. A lawsuit followed, with the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Washington ruling in favor of the FHWA. The case was then appealed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, whereupon the earlier ruling was overturned, with the order for the FHWA to conduct a more thorough review. [Jackson & McCullough, pp. 68–70]

However, the FHWA still came to the same conclusion and the bridge was demolished in 1995. Only a single pier remains and serves as a scenic lookout from which the newer bridge may be seen.

References

External links

*Structurae|id=s0000948|title=Pasco-Kennewick Bridge
* [http://bulk.resource.org/courts.gov/c/F2/701/701.F2d.784.81-3617.html Benton Franklin Riverfront Trailway and Bridge Committee v. Lewis] , U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, 701 F.2d 784