Elsie Mackay

__NOTOC__Infobox Person
name = Elsie Mackay


image_size = 220px
caption = Elsie Mackay and Lionel Atwill in 1922, in a "Vanity Fair" publicity photo for "The White-Faced Fool"
birth_name =
birth_date = 1893
birth_place = Simla India
death_date = death date|1928|3|13
death_place = Lost in the Atlantic Ocean
other_names = Poppy Wyndham
nationality = British
occupation = Actress, Interior designer, Aviator
spouse = Dennis Wyndham, Lionel Atwill
children =
religion =
website =
footnotes =

The Honourable Elsie Mackay aka Poppy Wyndham and Gordon Sinclair [http://ngb.chebucto.org/Newspaper-Obits/xxviii2.shtml Old News of Newfoundland] ] (circa 1893– circa 13 March 1928) was an English actress, interior decorator and pioneering aviator who died attempting a treacherous pioneering flight across the Atlantic Ocean with Capt. Walter G. R. Hinchliffecite news
author=
title=Two Women
date=1928-03-26
work=Time Magazine
url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,787033,00.html?iid=chix-sphere
accessdate=2008-08-09] in a single engined Stinson Detroiter. [http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/history/making_history/making_history.shtml BBC Radio 4 Making History - Elsie Mackay - article and downloadable broadcast] ] [http://bayourenaissanceman.blogspot.com/2008/05/weekend-wings-18-struggle-to-conquer.html Aviation Enthusiast Corner] ]

Private life

Elsie Mackay was the spirited socialite daughter of James Mackay, 1st Earl of Inchcape of Strathnaver, a British colonial administrator in India who became chairman of the Peninsular & Oriental Steamship Co. and Jean Paterson Shanks. [http://www.thepeerage.com/p18000.htm The Peerage.com] ] She was born in Simla, India in 1893, where her father was serving as President of the Bengal Chamber of Commerce, as a member of the Legislative Council of the Viceroy of India, and as a member of the Council of the Secretary of State for India. She was reportedly disinherited by her family after eloping with actor Dennis Wyndham to be married on on 23 May 1917. She appeared on the stage and screen as Poppy Wyndham from 1919 through 1921. This marriage was annulled in 1922. She reportedly married actor Lionel Atwill circa 1922. [http://www.condenaststore.com/ProdDetail.aspx?prodId=20141 Image and theatrical detail at Conde Naste] ] [http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=6808080 Poppy Wyndham at 'Find a Grave'] ] [http://lionelatwillfanclub.tripod.com/id17.html Official Lionel Atwill - Web Site & Fan Club] ]

Theatre and film

Poppy Wyndham's film career included 'A Great Coup' (1919), 'Snow in the Desert' (1919), 'A Dead Certainty' (1920), 'The Tidal Wave' (1920) (as Carmen Hale),cite news
author=
title=Movies: About Tidal Wave
date=
work=New York Times
url=http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/113773/Tidal-Wave/overview
accessdate=2008-08-09] 'A Son of David' (1920), 'The Town of Crooked Ways' (1920), 'Many A Slip' (1920). [http://www.citwf.com/person443625.htm The Complete Index To World Film since 1895] ]

Poppy Wyndham's stage career included 'The White-Faced Fool', 'Another Man's Shoes' and 'Deburau'. Her Broadway career included 'Another Man's Shoes' 1918', 'As You Like It' (as Rosalind) 1919, 'Clarence' (as Violet Pinney) 1919, 'Poldekin' (as Maria) 1920, 'Deburau' (as Marie Duplessis) 1921, and The Comedian' (as Jacqueline) 1923. [http://www.ibdb.com/person.asp?id=68171 Poppy Wyndham at the Internet Broadway Database] ]

Interior design

After the marriage to Wyndham was annulled she returned to her family and developed a career as an interior decorator, creating lavish interiors, state rooms and public spaces for her father's shipping line, the Peninsular & Oriental Steamship Co. In 1923 she launched the RMS Maloja, and went on to design much of the interiors for the four P&O "R" class ships of 1925: 'SS Rawalpindi', 'SS Ranchi', 'Ranpura' and 'SS Rajputana', plus the RMS Viceroy of India in 1927. [http://www.freewebs.com/shippinglines/ships1920to1930.htm P & O Line Ships (and technical data) from 1920 to 1930] ]

Flying

In 1923 she took up flying, gaining her pilot's license at the De Havilland Flying School, probably the second woman since WW1 after 'Mrs Atkey', [http://www.deltaaviation.co.uk/DHSOF/about/D_History.htm History of the De Havilland Flying School] ] bought a plane, [http://www.ayrshirepost.net/ayrshire-news/local-news-ayrshire/girvan-news/2008/03/26/so-brave-and-beautiful-102545-20676715/ Ayreshire Post article - So Brave and so Beautiful] ] and expressed a determination to be the first woman to fly the Atlantic Ocean. She was regarded as a contemporary role model amongst women, with dark looks, graceful manner, habitually well-gowned and bejeweled appearance. She was renowned for driving her Rolls Royce at great speed, galloping her horses, plus being a familiar sight in her Avro biplane in the skies over South Ayrshire and Wigtownshire. [http://www.jamd.com/search?assettype=g&assetid=3247971&text=Poppy+Wyndham Picture of Elsie in her Avro Biplane at Jamd.com] ] She even participated in an "outside loop," the most dangerous of all stunts in air, with Capt. E. C. D. Herne as her pilot. During this manoeuvre her safety-strap broke but she clung to bracing wires while her body swung outside the plane like a stone twirled on the end of a piece of string. She was one of the first women in Britain to gain her Royal Aero Club pilot’s licence and was later elected to the advisory committee of pilots to the British Empire Air League.

Transatlantic Flight

To achieve her transatlantic ambition Elsie Mackay bought a Stinson Detroiter, having been impressed by the aircraft during Ruth Elder's failed 1927 transatlantic attempt (despite an oil leak causing the failure 300 miles over the Atlantic [ [http://www.ctie.monash.edu.au/hargrave/elder.html Hargrave - Profile of Ruth Elder] ] ). It was shipped from the USA to England and delivered to the Brooklands motor racing track, which at the time was also used as an airfield. She named it 'Endeavour'. It was a monoplane with gold tipped wings and a black fuselage, powered by a 9 cylinder, 300 h.p. Wright Whirlwind J-6-9 (R-975) engine, with a cruising speed of 84 m.p.h. [http://www.wwi-models.org/mail-archive/archive.cci/824 World War I Modeling Page - WGR Hinchliffe forum] ]

In early March 1928 the Daily Express discovered that Captain Hinchliffe and Elsie were preparing for a transatlantic attempt by carrying out test flights at RAF Cranwell and were staying at The George Hotel in Leadenham [http://www.thegeorgeatleadenham.co.uk/ History of the The George Hotel at Leadenham] ] near Grantham. The story was silenced by Elsie's threatened legal action as she intended to depart in secret while her father was in Egypt, having promised her family she would not make the attempt.

At 8:35am on March 13th 1928 'Endeavour' took off from Cranwell Airdrome, Lincolnshire, [http://www.wwi-models.org/mail-archive/archive.cci/824 World War I Modeling Page -Hinchliffe forum] ] with minimal fuss as Walter had told only two friends he was going and Elsie registered under the pseudonym of 'Gordon Sinclair'. Approximately 5 hours later, at 1.30pm the Chief Lighthouse keeper at Mizen Head on the south west coast of Cork Ireland saw the monoplane over the village of Crookhaven, on the great circle course for Newfoundland. A French steamer later reported seeing them still on course, but nothing else is known. A crowd of 5,000 is reputed to have waited for them at Mitchell Field, Long Island. In December 1928, 8 months later, a single piece of identifiable undercarriage washed ashore in North West Ireland.

Commemoration

Elsie Mackay is commemorated by a stained glass window in the chancel of Ballantrae church in Ayrshire (where her father was the owner of the Glenapp estate) [http://www.ballantraeparishchurch.org.uk/Glenapp%20History.htm Ballantrae Parish Church] ] and flowering shrubs spell out her name on the opposite side of the glen. A street is named after her in Gander Newfoundland. [http://www.gaflight.org/street%20names.htm Gander’s Historic Street Names] ] Her financial legacy was the 'Elsie Mackay Fund', a £500,000 trust that was left to the British nation on December 12 1928, for 50 years and used to help pay off the national debt. [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/catalogue/displaycataloguedetails.asp?CATLN=7&CATID=-2088082&FullDetails=True&Gsm=2008-02-12v Detecting your browser settings ] at www.nationalarchives.gov.uk] [http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/written_answers/1978/dec/04/elsie-mackay-fund Parliamentary reference to the Elsie Mackay Fund in Hansard] ]

References

External links

* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/history/making_history/making_history_20080527.shtml BBC Radio 4 Making History - Elsie Mackay overview]
* [http://www.elsie-mackay.co.uk/ West over the Waves - Elsie Mackay tribute site]
* [http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=6808080 Picture of Poppy Wyndham at 'Find a Grave']
* [http://www.jamd.com/search?assettype=g&assetid=3247971&text=Poppy+Wyndham Pictures of Elsie, her father and mother, and Capt. Walter G. R. Hinchliffe and an erroneous Fokker composite image at Jamd.com]
* [http://www.airliners.net/photo/Scenic-Airways/Stinson-SM-1-Detroiter/1309615&tbl=photo_info&photo_nr=1&prev_id=&next_id=NEXTID Images and Info of Stinson Detroiter SM-1 at Airliners.net]