Branchiura

Taxobox
name = Branchiura


image_width = 230px
image_caption = "Argulus sp." on a fish
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Arthropoda
subphylum = Crustacea
classis = Maxillopoda
subclassis = Branchiura
subclassis_authority = Thorell, 1864
ordo = Arguloida
ordo_authority = Yamaguti, 1963
familia = Argulidae
familia_authority = Leach, 1819

Branchiura, commonly called carp lice or fish lice are a group of parasitic crustaceans of uncertain position within the Maxillopoda. Although they are thought to be primitive forms, they have no fossil record. Almost all are ectoparasites on fish, with a few exceptions living on amphibians cite web |url=http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/arthropoda/crustacea/maxillopoda/branchiura.html |title=Introduction to the Branchiura |author=Ben Waggoner |accessdate=2007-05-06 |publisher=University of California Museum of Paleontology] .

Branchiurans have a flattened, oval body, which is almost entirely covered by a wide carapace. The compound eyes are prominent, and the mouthparts and antennae are modified to form a hooked, spiny proboscis armed with suckers, as an adaptation to parasitic life. They leave their hosts for up to three weeks in order to mate and lay eggs, and reattach afterwards behind the fish's operculum, where they feed on mucus and sloughed-off scales, or pierce the skin and feed on the internal fluids

The subclass contains a single order, Arguloida (occasionally "Arguloidea"), which contains a single family, Argulidae cite book |url=http://www.nhm.org/research/publications/CrustaceaClassification.pdf |title=An Updated Classification of the Recent Crustacea |author=Martin, J. W. & Davis, G. E. |year=2001 |pages=132 pp. |publisher=Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County] , with around 200 species cite web |url=http://ravenel.si.edu/iz/copepod/species/list_all_by_order.cfm |title=The World of Copepods - Species Taxonomy Results |publisher=Smithsonian Institution] , although a second family, Dipteropeltidae has been proposed by some [cite web |url=http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/classification/Arguloidea.html#Arguloidea |title=Animal Diversity Web: Arguloidea |publisher=University of Michigan |author=P. Myers, R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond & T. A. Dewey |year=2006] .

List of species

This is a list of species names that have been applied to species described in the Order Arguloida; however, many of the names are now considered to be invalid, or are synonyms of other species names. Only the genera "Argulus", "Chonopeltis" and "Dolops" are recognised todayfact|date=July 2007. The taxonomy of several species, especially in the genus "Argulus", continues to be studied :
*"Agenor purpureus " Risso, 1826
*"Argulus africanus " Thiele, 1900
*"Argulus alexandrensis " WilsonCB, 1923
*"Argulus alosae " Gould, 1841
*"Argulus amazonicus " Malta & Santos-Silva, 1986
*"Argulus ambloplites " WilsonCB, 1920
*"Argulus americanus " WilsonCB, 1902
*"Argulus angusticeps " Cunnington, 1913
*"Argulus annae " Schuurmans StekhovenJHJr, 1951
*"Argulus appendiculosus " WilsonCB, 1907
*"Argulus arcassonensis " Cuénot, 1912
*"Argulus argulus " Leach, 1814
*"Argulus armiger " MüllerOF, 1785
*"Argulus australiensis " Byrnes, 1985
*"Argulus belones " Kampen, 1909
*"Argulus bengalensis " Ramakrishna, 1951
*"Argulus bicolor " Bere, 1936
*"Argulus biramosus " Bere, 1931
*"Argulus boli " Tripathi, 1975
*"Argulus borealis " WilsonCB, 1912
*"Argulus brachypeltis " Fryer, 1959
*"Argulus caecus " WilsonCB, 1922
*"Argulus canadensis " WilsonCB, 1916
*"Argulus capensis " Barnard, 1955
*"Argulus carteri " Cunnington, 1931
*"Argulus catostomi " Dana & Herrick, 1837
*"Argulus cauveriensis " Thomas & Devaraj, 1975
*"Argulus charon " MüllerOF, 1785
*"Argulus chesapeakensis " Cressey, 1971
*"Argulus chicomendesi " Malta & Varella, 2000
*"Argulus chilensis " Martinez, 1952
*"Argulus chinensis " Ku & Yang, 1955
*"Argulus chromidis " Kroyer, 1863
*"Argulus confuscus " Rushton-Mellor, 1994
*"Argulus coregoni " Thorell, 1865
*"Argulus cubensis " WilsonCB, 1936
*"Argulus dactylopteri " Thorell, 1865
*"Argulus dageti " Dollfus, 1960
*"Argulus dartevellei " Brian, 1940
*"Argulus delphinus " MüllerOF, 1785
*"Argulus diversicolor " Byrnes, 1985
*"Argulus diversus " WilsonCB, 1944
*"Argulus ellipticaudatus " WangKN, 1960
*"Argulus elongatus " Heller, 1857
*"Argulus ernsti " Weibezahn & Cobo, 1964
*"Argulus exiguus " Cunnington, 1913
*"Argulus flavescens " WilsonCB, 1916
*"Argulus floridensis " Meehan, 1940
*"Argulus fluviatilis " Thomas & Devaraj, 1975
*"Argulus foliaceus " (Linnaeus), 1758
*"Argulus fryeri " Rushton-Mellor, 1994
*"Argulus funduli " Kroyer, 1863
*"Argulus fuscus " Bere, 1936
*"Argulus giganteus " Lucas, 1845
*"Argulus giordanii " Brian, 1959
*"Argulus gracilis " Rushton-Mellor, 1994
*"Argulus hylae " Lemos de Castro & Gomes-Correa, 1985
*"Argulus ichesi " Bouvier, 1910
*"Argulus incisus " Cunnington, 1913
*"Argulus indicus " Weber, 1892
*"Argulus ingens " WilsonCB, 1912
*"Argulus intectus " WilsonCB, 1944
*"Argulus izintwala " Van AsJG & Van AsLL, 2001
*"Argulus japonicus " Thiele, 1900
*"Argulus jollymani " Fryer, 1956
*"Argulus juparanensis " Lemos de Castro, 1950
*"Argulus kosus " Avenant-Oldewage, 1994
*"Argulus kunmingensis " Shen, 1948
*"Argulus kusafugu " Yamaguti & Yamasu, 1959
*"Argulus laticauda " SmithSI, 1874
*"Argulus latus " SmithSI, 1874
*"Argulus lepidostei " Kellicott, 1877
*"Argulus longicaudatus " WilsonCB, 1944
*"Argulus lunatus " WilsonCB, 1944
*"Argulus macropterus " Heegaard, 1962
*"Argulus maculosus " WilsonCB, 1902
*"Argulus major " WangKN, 1960
*"Argulus mangalorensis " Natarajan, 1982
*"Argulus matritensis " Arevalo, 1921
*"Argulus matuii " Sikama, 1938
*"Argulus meehani " Cressey, 1971
*"Argulus megalops " SmithSI, 1874
*"Argulus megalops spinosus " WilsonCB, 1944
*"Argulus melanostictus " WilsonCB, 1935
*"Argulus melita " Beneden, 1891
*"Argulus mexicanus " Pineda, Paramo & del Rio, 1995
*"Argulus mississippiensis " WilsonCB, 1916
*"Argulus mongolianus " Tokioka, 1939
*"Argulus monodi " Fryer, 1959
*"Argulus multicolor " Schuurmans StekhovenJHJr, 1937
*"Argulus multipocula " Barnard, 1955
*"Argulus nativus " Kirtisinghe, 1959
*"Argulus natterei " Heller, 1857
*"Argulus niger " WilsonCB, 1902
*"Argulus nobilis " Thiele, 1904
*"Argulus onodai " Tokioka, 1936
*"Argulus otolithi " Brian, 1927
*"Argulus papuensis " Rushton-Mellor, 1994
*"Argulus paranensis " Ringuelet, 1943
*"Argulus parsi " Tripathi, 1975
*"Argulus paulensis " WilsonCB, 1924
*"Argulus pelucidus " Wagler, 1935
*"Argulus personatus " Cunnington, 1913
*"Argulus pestifer " Ringuelet, 1948
*"Argulus petagonicus " Ringuelet, 1943
*"Argulus phoxini " Leydig, 1871
*"Argulus piperatus " WilsonCB, 1920
*"Argulus pugettensis " Dana, 1852
*"Argulus purpureus " (Risso), 1826
*"Argulus puthenveliensis " Ramakrishna, 1959
*"Argulus quadristriatus " Devaraj & Ameer Hamsa, 1977
*"Argulus reticulatus " WilsonCB, 1920
*"Argulus rhamdiae " WilsonCB, 1936
*"Argulus rhipidiophorus " Monod, 1931
*"Argulus rijckmansii " Brian, 1940
*"Argulus rothschildi " Leigh-Sharpe, 1933
*"Argulus rotundus " WilsonCB, 1944
*"Argulus rubescens " Cunnington, 1913
*"Argulus rubropunctatus " Cunnington, 1913
*"Argulus salminei " Kroyer, 1863
*"Argulus salminei argentinensis " Brian, 1947
*"Argulus scutiformis " Thiele, 1900
*"Argulus shoutedeni " Monod, 1928
*"Argulus siamensis " WilsonCB, 1926
*"Argulus silvestrii " Lahille, 1926
*"Argulus smalei " Avenant-Oldewage & Oldewage, 1995
*"Argulus spinulosus " Silva, 1980
*"Argulus stizostethii " Kellicott, 1880
*"Argulus striatus " Cunnington, 1913
*"Argulus taliensis " Shen, 1948
*"Argulus tientsinensis " Ku & Wang, 1956
*"Argulus trachynoti " Brian, 1927
*"Argulus trilineatus " WilsonCB, 1904
*"Argulus varians " Bere, 1936
*"Argulus versicolor " WilsonCB, 1902
*"Argulus vierai " Pereira-Fonseca, 1939
*"Argulus violaceus " Thomsen, 1925
*"Argulus viridis " Nettovich, 1900
*"Argulus vittatus " (Rafinesque-Schmaltz), 1814
*"Argulus wilsoni " Brian, 1940
*"Argulus yucatanus " Poly, 2004
*"Argulus yucatanus " Poly, 2005
*"Argulus yuii " WangKN, 1958
*"Argulus yunnanensis " Shen, 1948
*"Argulus zei " Brian, 1924
*"Binoculus bicornutus " Risso, 1816
*"Binoculus caudatus " Say, 1818
*"Binoculus gasterostei " Geoffroy, 1762
*"Binoculus haemisphericus " Geoffroy, 1762
*"Binoculus palustris " MüllerOF, 1776
*"Binoculus piscinus " MüllerOF, 1776
*"Binoculus productus " Nordmann, 1832
*"Binoculus salmoneus " MüllerOF, 1785
*"Binoculus sexsetaceus " Nordmann, 1832
*"Chonopeltis australis " Boxshall, 1976
*"Chonopeltis australissumus " Fryer, 1977
*"Chonopeltis brevis " Fryer, 1961
*"Chonopeltis congicus " Fryer, 1959
*"Chonopeltis elongatus " Fryer, 1974
*"Chonopeltis flaccifrons " Fryer, 1960
*"Chonopeltis fryeri " Van As, 1986
*"Chonopeltis inermis " Thiele, 1900
*"Chonopeltis inermis schoutedeni " Brian, 1940
*"Chonopeltis koki " Van As, 1992
*"Chonopeltis lisikili " Van AsJG & Van AsLL, 1996
*"Chonopeltis meridionalis " Fryer, 1964
*"Chonopeltis minutus " Fryer, 1977
*"Chonopeltis schoutedeni " Brian, 1940
*"Chonopeltis victori " Avenant-Oldewage, 1991
*"Diprosia vittata " Rafinsque, 1814
*"Dipteropeltis hirundo " Calman, 1912
*"Dolops bidentata " (Bouvier), 1899
*"Dolops carvalhoi " Lemos de Castro, 1949
*"Dolops discoidalis " Bouvier, 1899
*"Dolops doradis " (Cornalia), 1860
*"Dolops geayi " (Bouvier), 1897
*"Dolops intermedia " da Silva, 1978
*"Dolops kollari " (Heller), 1857
*"Dolops lacordairei " Audouin, 1837
*"Dolops longicauda " (Heller), 1857
*"Dolops nana " Lemos de Castro, 1950
*"Dolops ranarum " (Stuhlmann), 1891
*"Dolops reperta " (Bouvier), 1899
*"Dolops striata " (Bouvier), 1899
*"Dolops tasmanicus " Fryer, 1969
*"Gyropeltis bidentata " Bouvier, 1899
*"Gyropeltis doradis " Cornalia, 1860
*"Gyropeltis geayi " Bouvier, 1897
*"Gyropeltis kollari " Heller, 1857
*"Gyropeltis lacordairei " Audouin, 1837
*"Gyropeltis longicauda " Heller, 1857
*"Gyropeltis ranarum " Stuhlmann, 1891
*"Gyropeltis reperta " Bouvier, 1899
*"Gyropeltis striata " Bouvier, 1899
*"Huargulus chinensis " Yü, 1938
*"Moreiriella ribeiroi " (Moreira), 1913
*"Ozolus gasterostei " Latreille, 1802
*"Talaus ribeiroi " Moreira, 1913

References