List of Choctaw Treaties

List of Choctaw Treaties is a comprehensive chronological list of historic agreements that directly or indirectly affected the Choctaw (an American Indian people) with other nations. Choctaw land was systematically obtained through treaties, legislation, and threats of warfare. Treaties were made with Great Britain, France, and Spain. Nine treaties were signed with the United States. cite web
url = http://www.choctaw.org/history/treaties.htm
title = Treaties
accessdate = 2008-02-06
author = Bob Ferguson
last = Ferguson
first = Bob
date = 2001
format = HTML
publisher = Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians] Some treaties, like the Treaty of San Lorenzo, indirectly affected the Choctaws.

The Choctaws considered European laws and diplomacy foreign and puzzling. The most confusing aspect of treaty making was writing which was impressive for a people who have not developed a written system. Choctaw history, as with many Native Americans, was passed orally from generation to generation. Europeans needed treaties to satisfy their cultural laws and ease their consciences. During treaty negotiations the three main Choctaw tribal areas (Upper Towns, Six town, and Lower Towns) had a "Miko" (chief) to represent them. Spain had the earliest claims to Choctaw country which was followed by French claims starting in the late 1600s. The United States, following the Treaty of San Lorenzo, laid claim to Choctaw country starting in 1795.

By the early 1800s pressure from U.S. southern states, like Georgia, encouraged the procurement of Native American lands. The Treaty of Fort Adams was the first in a series of treaties that ceded Choctaw lands. The Choctaws were relocated from their homeland, now known as the Deep South, to lands west of the Mississippi River. Approximately 15,000 Choctaws made the move to what would be called Indian Territory and then later Oklahoma.cite book
last = Satz
first = Ronald
editor = Samuel J. Wells and Roseanna Tuby
title = After Removal: The Choctaw in Mississippi
origdate = 1986
publisher = University Press of Mississippi
chapter = The Mississippi Choctaw: From the Removal Treaty of the Federal Agency
page = 7
id = ISBN 0878052895] About 2,500 died along the trail of tears. The Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek signed away the remaining tradition homeland to the United States. There would be three waves of removals starting in 1831. After the final wave of removal in 1833, nearly 6000 Choctaws chose to stay in the newly formed state of Mississippi. The newly settled European-Americans persistently urged the Mississippi Choctaws to remove, but they refused. Although smaller Choctaw groups can be found throughout the U.S. south, Choctaws are mainly found in Oklahoma and Mississippi.

Treaties

ee also

* Choctaw Trail of Tears
* Treaty of Hopewell
* Treaty of Washington City
* Treaty of Doak's Stand
* Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek
* Treaty of Bowles Village
* List of treaties

Notes