Kofi Abrefa Busia

Infobox Officeholder | name =Kofi Abrefa Busia


imagesize =119x110
small

caption =Kofi Abrefa Busia
order =Prime Minister
2nd Republic of Ghana
term_start =October 1, 1969
term_end =January 13, 1972
deputy =
president = Brigadier Akwasi Afrifa
3 Apr 1969 - 7 Aug 1970
Nii Amaa Ollennu
7 Aug 1970 - 31 Aug 1970
Edward Akufo-Addo
31 Aug 1970 - 13 Jan 1972
primeminister =
predecessor =Brigadier Akwasi Afrifa
(Presidential Commission)
successor =Colonel Acheampong
(Military coup d'état)

birth_date =birth date|1913|7|11|mf=y
birth_place =Wenchi, Ghana
death_date =death date and age |1978|08|28|1913|07|11
death_place =Oxford, UK
constituency =
party =Progress Party
spouse =Mrs. Naa Morkor Busia
profession =Academic
religion =Christian


footnotes =Elected following military rule and overthrown by military regime

Kofi Abrefa Busia (11 July 1913 - 28 August 1978) was Prime Minister of Ghana from 1969-72. He was born in Wenchi, in the then British colony of Gold Coast (now called Ghana). He was educated at Methodist School, Wenchi, Mfantsipim School, Cape Coast, then at Wesley College, Kumasi from 1931-32. He later became a teacher at Achimota Secondary School. He gained his first degree with Honours in Medieval and Modern History from the University of London, through correspondence during this period. He then went on to study at University College, Oxford, where he was the college's first African student. He took a BA (Hons) in Philosophy, Politics, and Economics (1941, MA) 1946) and a DPhil in Social Anthropology in 1947, with a thesis entitled "The position of the chief in the modern political system of Ashanti: a study of the influence of contemporary social changes on Ashanti political institutions".

He served as a district commissioner from 1942 to 1949, and was appointed first lecturer in African Studies. He became the first African to occupy a Chair at the University of Gold Coast. In 1951 he was elected by the Ashanti Confederacy to the Legislative Council. In 1952 he was Leader of Ghana Congress Partycite web|url=http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Africa/Ghana-POLITICAL-PARTIES.html |title=Ghana:Political Parties |accessdate=2007-04-15 |work=Encyclopaedias of the Nations |publisher=Thomson Corporation] which later merged with the other opposition parties to form the United Party (UP).

As leader of the opposition against Kwame Nkrumah, he fled the country on the grounds that his life was under threat. In 1959 Busia became a Professor of Sociology and Culture of Africa at the University of Leiden near the Hague, Netherlands. From 1962 until 1969 he was a Fellow of St Antony's College, Oxford.

He returned to Ghana in March 1966 after Nkrumah's government was overthrown by the military, and was appointed as the Chairman of the National Advisory Committee of the NLC. In 1967/1968 he served as the Chairman of the Centre for Civic Education. He used this opportunity and sold himself as the next Leader. He also was a Member of the Constitutional Review Committee. When the NLC lifted the ban on politics, Busia, together with friends in the defunct UP formed the Progress Party (PP).

In 1969, PP won the parliamentary elections with 104 of the 105 seats contested. This paved the way for him to become the next Prime Minister. Busia continued with NLC's anti-Nkrumaist stance and adopted a liberalised economic system. There was a mass deportation of half a million of Nigerian citizens from Ghana, and a 44 percent devaluation of the cedi in 1971 which met with a lot of resistance from the public.

While in Britain for a medical check-up, the army under Colonel Ignatius Kutu Acheampong overthrew his government on January 13 1972. He died from a heart attack in 1978.

Along with J.B. Danquah, Busia's name is associated with Ghana's political right. The New Patriotic Party has claimed the Danquah-Busiaist mantle in the Fourth Republic.

Bibliography

* "The Position of the Chief in the Modern Political System of Ashanti". London, 1951 (Orig. Dissertation Oxford)
* "The Sociology and Culture of Africa". Leiden, 1960
* "The Challenge of Africa". New York, 1962
* "Purposeful Education for Africa". The Hague, 1964
* "Urban Churches in Britain". London, 1966
* "Africa in Search of Democracy". London, 1967

Notes

External links

* [http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/people/pop-up.php?ID=122 Ghanaweb about Dr. Busia]
* [http://www.busiafoundinternational.org/about_busia.html Busia Foundation]

Persondata
NAME= Busia, Kofi Abrefa
ALTERNATIVE NAMES=
SHORT DESCRIPTION=Academic, politician and Prime Minister of Ghana (1969 - 1972)
DATE OF BIRTH=11 July 1913
PLACE OF BIRTH=Wenchi, Ghana
DATE OF DEATH=28 August 1978
PLACE OF DEATH=Oxford, UK