Putyvl

Infobox City
official_name = Putyvl
native_name = Пути́вль
settlement_type = Town
subdivision_type = Country
subdivision_name = Ukraine
image_

subdivision_type1 = Oblast
region_type_local = Raion
subdivision_name1 = Sumy
region_link = Sumy Oblast
region_name_local = Putyvlsky Raion
population_total = 20000
population_as_of = January 1, 2004
area_total_km2 = 8.5
established_date = 989
established_title =Founded
elevation_m = 177
latd = 51| latm = 19
latNS = N
longd = 33
longm = 52
longEW = E
website =

Putyvl or Putivl ( _uk. Пути́вль, "Putyvl’", _ru. Пути́вль, "Putivl’") is a picturesque town in north-east Ukraine, in Sumy Oblast. Currently about 20,000 people live in Putyvl.

History

One of the original Siverian towns, Putyvl was first mentioned as early as 1146 as an important fortress contested between Chernigov and Novgorod-Seversky principalities of Kievan Rus. The song of Yaroslavna on the walls of Putyvl is the emotional culmination of the medieval "Lay of Igor's Campaign" and Alexander Borodin's opera "Prince Igor".

After the Battle of Vedrosha in 1500, Putyvl was ceded to Muscovite Russia. During the Time of Troubles, the town became the center of Ivan Bolotnikov's uprising and briefly a base for the False Dmitry I forces.

Putyvl was part of Kursk guberniya of the Russian Empire prior to the Bolshevik Revolution. During the Second World War Soviet partisans led by Sydir Kovpak started their guerrilla war against the Germans in the forests all over the Northern Ukraine.

Architecture

The main architectural monument of Putivl is the Molchansky Monastery, which is largely of 17th century date. The foundations of its three-domed cathedral, dedicated to the Nativity of the Theotokos, belong to the 1590s, but the main part of the church is one of the earliest Baroque structures in the region, described in its entirety by Paul of Aleppo in 1654. The cathedral displays strong influence of Muscovite architecture, especially in detailing and sculptural decor.

Apart from the monastery, Putivl also possesses the Cossack Baroque church of St. Nicholas (1735-37) and the Saviour Cathedral, a singular hybrid of Ukrainian and Russian church architecture, started in 1617 and incorporating such typically Muscovite features as onion domes. Remaining parts of 17th-century fortifications are visible close at hand; these include the gates and several towers, one of which was built up into a belltower in 1700.