Endemic birds of South Asia

This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds.

-- See also Endemic Birds of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Patterns of endemism

To be completed later.

Endemic Bird Areas

Birdlife International has defined the following Endemic Bird Areas (EBAs) in the subcontinent:

* The Western Ghats
* Sri Lanka

Each area has its own set of endemic species, and there are further species shared between the two which are not found elsewhere.

In addition the following are classified as Secondary areas (areas with at least one restricted-range bird species, but not meeting the criteria to qualify as EBAs)

* Eastern Andhra Pradesh - covering the range of Jerdon's Courser
* Southern Deccan Plateau - covering the range of Yellow-throated Bulbul
* Central Indian Forests - covering the range of Forest Owlet

List of species

The following is a list of non-passerines (passerines to follow).

pecies endemic to the Western Ghats and associated hills

* Nilgiri Woodpigeon
* Malabar Parakeet
* Malabar Grey Hornbill
* Malabar Barbet
* Crimson-backed Sunbird
* Nilgiri Pipit
* White-bellied Treepie
* Grey-headed Bulbul
* Rufous Babbler
* Nilgiri Laughingthrush
* Crimson-backed Sunbird
* White-bellied Blue Flycatcher
* Black-and-orange Flycatcher
* Nilgiri Flycatcher
* White-bellied Shortwing
* Wynaad Laughingthrush

pecies endemic to Sri Lanka

*Sri Lanka Spurfowl
*Sri Lanka junglefowl
*Layard's Parakeet
*Sri Lanka Wood-pigeon
*Sri Lanka Hanging Parrot
*Green-billed Coucal
*Red-faced Malkoha
*Sri Lanka Grey Hornbill
*Black-crested Bulbul
*Yellow-eared Bulbul
*Yellow-fronted Barbet
*Crimson-fronted Barbet
*White-throated Flowerpecker
*Sri Lanka White-eye
*Sri Lanka Blue Magpie
*Sri Lanka Whistling Thrush
*Spot-winged Thrush
*Sri Lanka Scaly Thrush "Zoothera dauma imbricata"
*Ashy-headed Laughingthrush
*White-faced Starling
*Brown-capped Babbler
*Orange-billed Babbler
*Sri Lanka Scimitar-babbler "Pomatorhinus schisticeps melanurus"
*Sri Lanka Bush Warbler
*Dull-blue Flycatcher
*Sri Lanka Myna
*Black-throated Munia
*Serendib Scops-owl
*Chestnut-backed Owlet

pecies endemic to the Western Ghats and Sri Lanka combined

* Sri Lanka Bay Owl "Phodilus badius assimilis"
* Sri Lanka Frogmouth
* Indian Swiftlet

Other localised species endemic to peninsular India

* Grey Junglefowl
* Jerdon's Courser
* Blue-faced Malkoha
* Forest Owlet
* White-cheeked Barbet
* Yellow-billed Babbler

Other localised species endemic to peninsular India and Sri Lanka combined

* Jerdon's Nightjar
* Malabar Trogon
* Malabar Pied Hornbill

pecies endemic to northern parts of the subcontinent

* Swamp Francolin
* Chestnut-breasted Hill-partridge
* Himalayan Quail
* Manipur Bush-quail
* Jungle Bush-quail
* Rock Bush-quail
* Western Tragopan
* Cheer Pheasant
* Himalayan Parakeet
* Brown-fronted Woodpecker
* Himalayan Woodpecker

Other species endemic to the subcontinent

* Painted Francolin
* Painted Bush-quail
* Red Spurfowl
* Painted Spurfowl
* Indian Peafowl
* Indian Black Ibis
* Crested Hawk-eagle
* Indian Vulture
* Lesser Florican
* Indian Bustard
* Indian Courser
* Yellow-wattled Lapwing
* Painted Sandgrouse
* Plum-headed Parakeet
* Grey-bellied Cuckoo
* Common Hawk-cuckoo
* Sirkeer Malkoha
* Indian Eagle-owl
* Mottled Wood-owl
* Indian Scops-owl
* Indian Jungle Nightjar
* Indian White-rumped Spinetail
* Indian Grey Hornbill
* Brown-headed Barbet
* Brown-capped Woodpecker
* Black-rumped Flameback
* White-naped Flameback

Passerines

The following need to be cut & pasted into the relevant sub-categories above or below:

* Indian Pitta
* Indian Bushlark
* Jerdon's Bushlark
* Bengal Bushlark
* Ashy-crowned Finch-lark
* Rufous-tailed Lark
* Malabar Lark
* Syke's Lark
* Sri Lanka Swallow "Hirundo daurica hyperythra"
* White-browed Wagtail
* Black-headed Cuckoo-shrike
* White-bellied Minivet
* Orange Minivet
* Malabar Woodshrike "Tephrodornis gularis sylvicola"
* Sri Lanka Woodshrike "Tephrodornis pondicerianus affinis"
* White-spotted Fantail "Rhipidura albicollis albogularis"

Near-endemics and seasonal endemics

In addition, the following species are near-endemics i.e. only a small proportion of the population is found outside the subcontinent

* Pink-headed Duck
* Grey Francolin
* Satyr Tragopan
* Himalayan Monal
* White-bellied Heron
* Indian Spotted Eagle
* Laggar Falcon
* Yellow-rumped Honeyguide
* Fulvous-breasted Woodpecker
* Sind Woodpecker
* Scaly-bellied Woodpecker

The following species is endemic as a breeding species, but winters elsewhere

* Dark-rumped Swift

ee also

* Fauna_and_flora_of_India