Hawaiʻi Institute of Marine Biology

The Hawai`i Institute of Marine Biology (HIMB) is a marine biology laboratory located on the state-owned Coconut Island in Kāne'ohe Bay. Coconut Island is approximately 29 acres, including convert|6|acre|m2 of enclosed lagoons used to keep organisms being studied in captivity. Surrounding it are 64 acres of coral reef, designated by the state of Hawai‘i as the Hawai‘i Marine Laboratory Refuge. [cite web
url=http://www.kaunana.com/ResearchInstitutes/HawaiiInstituteofMarineBiology/tabid/71/Default.aspx
title=Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology
publisher=www.kaunana.com
accessdate=2008-04-06] It is part of the University of Hawaii at Manoa. [cite web
url=http://www.hawaii.edu/HIMB/
title=Hawai‘i Institute of Marine Biology | Welcome
publisher=www.hawaii.edu
accessdate=2008-04-06] It is the only research facility in the world built on a coral reef.

The boundaries of the Hawaii Marine Laboratory Refuge surrounding the island start at the high water mark on the island and go to twenty-five feet beyond the outer edges of the reefs, including sand and seawall shoreline, where coral and sand calcium carbonate reef flats are exposed at low tides. High coral and macro-algae flourish at shallow-depth zones while the deep habitats are characterized by sediment with low coral cover and colonized by slumping from upper reef zones. Within Kaneohe Bay are sheltered areas. Man-made impacts in the area include dredging, sewage release and freshwater flooding. The shores of the bay are characterized by coastal development. [cite web
url=http://www3.mpa.gov/exploreinv/SiteProfile4.aspx?SiteID=HI22
title=Site Profile - Moku-o-loe Island (Coconut Island)
publisher=www3.mpa.gov
accessdate=2008-04-06]

History

The Institute was established in 1912. It began as a wooden structure on the shores of Waikiki and originally functioned in conjunction with the Waikiki Aquarium until 1919 when both operations became part of the University of Hawai‘i. In 1947 a group of wealthy oil tycoons, including Edwin W. Pauley, bought Coconut Island. Pauley donated a part of the island to the University for use as a marine laboratory for the study of the marine sciences. [cite web
url=http://www.hawaii.edu/HIMB/history.html#1940+
title=HIMB - A Brief History of Coconut Island
publisher=www.hawaii.edu
accessdate=2008-04-06] In 1993, the Pauley family donated the remaining private part of Coconut Island for the construction of a world-class marine laboratory.cite web
url=http://www.hawaii.edu/HIMB/info.html
title=HIMB - More about HIMB and Coconut Island
publisher=www.hawaii.edu
accessdate=2008-04-06]

Currently the Institute is seeking 57 million dollars through state-issued bonds for the construction of a convert|24000|sqft|m2|sing=on marine research facility. The site is on the southeast side of the island. This is part of the master plan approved by the University of Hawaii's Board of Regents in 1998, which includes the addition of several research buildings, laboratories, and conference facilities. These will be funded on a case-by-case basis. [cite web
url=http://pacific.bizjournals.com/pacific/stories/2008/02/25/focus3.html?jst=pn_pn_lk
title=$57 million in bonds would fund Coconut Island facility - Pacific Business News (Honolulu):
publisher=bizjournals.com
accessdate=2008-04-06
last=
first=] The intent is to turn Coconut Island into the world's premier coral reef research facility.cite web
url=http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/article/2002/Aug/01/ln/ln34a.html
title=Coconut Island impact study under way - The Honolulu Advertiser - Hawaii's Newspaper
publisher=the.honoluluadvertiser.com
accessdate=2008-04-06
last=Aguiar
first=Eloise]

Habitat

The HIMB research facilities are used to explore deep-sea habitats where new species may be discovered and documented, as well as shallow reefs which are rich habitats likely to contain undiscovered species.cite web
url=http://www.ngsednet.org/workshop_details.cfm?w_id=27
title= National Marine Sanctuary Field Study
publisher=www.ngsednet.org
accessdate=2008-04-06]

Programs

Hawai‘i Coral Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (CRAMP) is located at HIMB. It established a state-wide network of more than 30 long-term coral reef monitoring sites with associated data collection systems. It went on to include rapid quantitative research and habitat mapping, which are tools new used to understand the ecology of the Hawaiian coral reefs in relation to surrounding geographic areas. [cite web
url=http://cramp.wcc.hawaii.edu/
title=Hawaii Coral Reef Assessment & Monitoring Program (CRAMP) Home
publisher=cramp.wcc.hawaii.edu
accessdate=2008-04-06]

Among the many HIMB research projects is one studying the effects of sound on dolphins. [cite web
url=http://starbulletin.com/2007/09/03/news/story04.html
title=starbulletin.com | News | /2007/09/03/
publisher=starbulletin.com
accessdate=2008-04-06
last=Kakesako
first=Gregg K.] [cite web
url=http://www.publicaffairs.noaa.gov/releases2004/jun04/noaa04-r155.html
title=NOAA Scientists Continue Nationwide Lecture Series on Human Noise Impact to Marine Mammals
publisher=www.publicaffairs.noaa.gov
accessdate=2008-04-06
last=
first=] Another is the study of chemicals in Enchanted Lake. [cite web
url=http://www.kbac-hi.org/contractors/himb.htm
title=Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology | Kailua Bay Advisory Council Contractor (KBAC)
publisher=www.kbac-hi.org
accessdate=2008-04-06
last=
first=]

HIMB also offers a variety of courses and degree programs.

ee also

*Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary
*Hawaii Marine Laboratory Refuge

Footnotes

External links

* [http://www.hawaii.edu/HIMB/ Official website]
* [http://hawaiihumpbackwhale.noaa.gov/whalewatching/whalewatching.html Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary]