James H. Aitchison

James Hermiston Aitchison (b. 1908 in Innerleithen, Scotland — d. 12 July 1994 in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada) was a Canadian academic and politician and leader of the Nova Scotia New Democratic Party.

James was the son of James Charles Aitchison and Elizabeth Fleming. He came to Canada at an early age and was raised in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. He received his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Education from the University of Saskatchewan. He would go on to earn a Bachelor of Science in economics from the University of London and a Ph. D. from the University of Toronto.

During World War Two, he served in the Canadian Army as a Major from 1942-1946. After his service James taught high school and eventually lectured at Brandon College, Manitoba; University of Toronto; McMaster University; and Victoria College, Victoria, British Columbia. From 1949 to 1973 he taught Political Science at Dalhousie University in Halifax, Nova Scotia. He served for a period as Chairman of the Department, and remained Professor Emeritus within the department until his retirement in 1983.

During his time at Dalhousie University he served as President of the Dalhousie Faculty Association, as well as President of the Canadian Association of University Teachers, Chairman of the Social Sciences Research Council of Canada; Vice-President of the Canadian Political Science Association as well as Vice President of the Institute for Public Administration of Canada. He also served as a council member for many years on the Atlantic Council of Canada.

Political career

In 1961 the Cooperative Commonwealth Federation joined with the Canadian Labour Congress to form the New Democratic Party. Aitchison became the party's leader in 1963 leading the party through the 1963 and 1967 provincial elections. His critics accused him of being part of the Halifax elite that was believed to have taken the party from its traditional roots and leadership in industrial Cape Breton. He declined to re-offer in 1968 and was replaced by Jeremy Akerman of Cape Breton. However, Aitchison continued to be active within the party until the early 1970s when he ceased involvement.

He ran as a candidate for the Nova Scotia Legislature in 1967 but he and the party failed to win any seats that year or in the previous election. Aitchison also ran for the Canadian House of Commons in Canadian federal election, 1962 and in 1965. By the end of his leadership the NDP had received its two lowest percentages of the vote, reaching a twenty-five-year low, when it received a vote of some 4% in 1963.

Aitchison married Oriele Faram and had one daughter. He died at the age of 86 in Halifax, Nova Scotia .

Academic bibliography

*1940 - "Canada at War" (Toronto: Canadian Institute of International Affairs).
*1953 - "The Development of Local Government in Upper Canada" (Thesis (Ph. D) University of Toronto).
*1963 - "The Political Process in Canada: Essays in Honour of R. MacGregor Dawson" (Toronto: University of Toronto Press).