Hohenau (Paraguay)

infobox city
name = Hohenau
official_name = Hohenau
department = Itapúa

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map_size = 200px
subdivision_type = Country
subdivision_name = Paraguay
subdivision_type1 = Department
subdivision_name1 = Itapúa
leader_title =
leader_name =
country = Paraguay
elevation_m =
distance = 365
established_title = Founded
established_date = March 14, 1900
founder = Carlos Reverchon, Guillermo Closs, Ambrosio Scholler and Esteban Scholler, helped by German colonists.
area_magnitude =
area_total_sq_mi =
area_total_km2 = 220
area_land_sq_mi =
area_land_km2 =
area_water_sq_mi =
area_water_km2 =
area_water_percent =
area_urban_sq_mi =
area_urban_km2 =
area_metro_sq_mi =
area_metro_km2
population_as_of = 2008
population_note =
population_total = 11.044
population_metro =
population_urban =
population_density_km2 = 22.04
population_density_sq_mi =
timezone = -4 Gmt
utc_offset =
timezone_DST =
utc_offset_DST =
postal_code_type = Postal code
postal_code = 6290
area_code = (595) (75)
web =
latd = 26 | latm = 06| lats = 27| latNS = S
longd = 54 | longm = 20 | long = 56| longEW = W

Hohenau or Hohehnau is a city of the Itapúa Department, Paraguay, located 8 kilometers away from Trinidad and 365 kilometers away from Asunción. It has extensive cultivation fields and streams nearby like the Capi'ivary, Poromocó, Mansisovy, Santa María and others.

History

This city was founded March 14, 1900 by Carlos Reverchon, Guillermo Closs, Ambrosio Scholler and Esteban Scholler, helped by German colonists. This place was later called as "The mother of all the colonies of Alto Paraná".

Guillermo Closs, one of the main characters of the story, born in Baumschneiz (Germany), was an adventurous young that looked for fortune at the new continent. He arrived to Brazil, establishing in the state of Río Grande do Sul in a place called "Sierra Pelada", over the Uruguay river. Later, he decided to move in to Paraguay, where he met to Carlos Reverchon. Together, they analyzed a probable massive immigration and elaborated a plan.

Aided by Mr.Heinseke (in that time Austrian consul) they achieved to interest the Paraguayan government in a colonization plan for the Alto Paraná. So, by a decree dated of September 12th, 1898, the Paraguayan government gives to Guillermo Closs and Carlos Reverchon a share of 16 square leagues in the Alto Paraná, Encarnación Department back then.

Mr. Closs returned to Sierra Pelada and sold all of his lands there, going back to Paraguay in 1899.

March 14, 1900, arrived from Encarnación the first families. The Deutschmann, Tauber, Endler, and Guillermo Rhenius among them.

In August of 1900, the arrival of 8 more families composed for 55 persons settled the basis for a major immigration to this lands. Among this families were the Dressler, Kuschel, Fritze, Jachow and many more.

This families survived to many problems, such as diseases, scarcity and lack of communication, that in time could happily left behind. This place was elevated to district in 1944.

In the decades of the '30 and '40 registered a massive immigration of Polishes, Ukrainian and Russians, and in a minor quantity Belgians and Frenchs, that established in Encarnación and Hohenau. The Japanese immigration is the most recent, dated of 1958, when the first 320 families arrived and founded the district of La Paz.

According tot he General Direction of Statistics, Polls and Census, the Hohenau district has the second place (the first is for Asunción) in life conditions.

Geography

The city has 220 square kilometers. Limits to the north and the east with the Obligado district, to the south with the Trinidad district, and to the west to the Jesús, La Paz and San Pedro del Paraná districts.

Is on a zone rich in hydrographic resources with the Paraná river and the Capi'ivary stream.

Toponymy

The name comes from its elevate position with a little downhill to the Paraná river, meaning "High prairie", "Elevated camp" or "Undulated valley".

Demography

Hohenau has a total population of 7,987 inhabitants.

Climate

The climate is sub-tropical, ideal for the agriculture, with temperatures oscillating the 3º and 4 º Celsius in winter and the 37º and 38º in summer.

Tourism

In this city could be visited the Alto Paraná Hunting and Fishing Club where the traditional Fishing of Dorado takes place.

Among the attractions this city offers are the German and Japanese colonies, where the visitant could admire the architectural characteristics, the typical meals and the cultivation fields.

Economy

The inhabitants dedicates to the agriculture, specifically to the cultivation of soy, cotton, corn, manioc, yerba mate, tung, sorgo, citric, bean, peanut and watermelon.

in the stock-breeding, cows, pigs and birds.

It also has this industries: flour mills, yerba mate mills, wine reservoirs, bricks factory, bakeries, saw-mills, carpentries and starch factories.

Institutions

The city has a dance school, culinary arts academy, tailoring academy, barber academy and other institutions that teaches computer science and typewriting.

The sanitary institutions in the city are: SOS Aldea de Niños, founded August 21, 1971, in a terrain donated by the German Association of Hohenau and actually has 17 buildings housing 160 kids; the Mother and Child Hospital, the SOS Hspital, that counts with 40 beds and 2500 monthly consults; and the Adventist Clinic, that started its medical assistance service to the district and the department in 1963.

Neighborhoods

Centric zone:
*San José
*San Blás
*Cerro Corá
*CONAVI
*Primavera
*Obrero
*Santa Lucía

Rural zone:
*Hohenau 1 (Puerto Hohenau)
*Hohenau 2 (Centro Urbano)
*Hohenau 3 (Campo Ángel)
*Hohenau 4 (Caguarené)
*Hohenau 5 (Santa María)

Notable Residents

*Nazi war criminal Dr. Joseph Mengele was a former resident for many years.

How to get there

Hohenau can be reached by the "Ruta Sexta Doctor Juan León Mallorquín", a road that crosses the urban center of the city and connects it with the cities of Encarnación and Ciudad del Este. A network of local roads connects Hohenau with other places in the neighbourhood.

References

* Reportaje al País. Tomo 1. Edición 2001. Asunción Paraguay.
* Geografía Ilustrada del Paraguay - ISBN 99925-68-04-06 - Distribuidora Arami S.R.L.
* La Magia de nuestra tierra. Fundación en Alianza. Asunción. 2007.
* EVP - Wikipedia
* [http://www.evp.edu.py/index.php?title=Portada Enciclopedia Virtual Paraguaya - Portal]

External links

* [http://www.senatur.gov.py/ SENATUR]
* [http://world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=&men=gcis&lng=en&des=wg&geo=-179&srt=npan&col=abcdefghinoq&msz=1500&pt=c&va=x World Gazeteer: Paraguay] – World-Gazetteer.com