Bede BD-1

__NOTOC__The BD-1 was a two-seat, single-engine, low-wing airplane, the first design of American aeronautical engineer Jim Bede. The BD-1 was designed in 1960 as a kit-built aircraft intended for home assembly by amateur builders.cite web |url = http://www.bedecorp.com/history.htm |title = History of BedeCorp |year = 2004 |author = BD Corp |accessdate = 2007-10-11 ] Design goals included a kit price of $US 2500, including a rebuilt 100 hp (75 kW) engine and a cruise speed of 130 knots (240 km/h). The prototype N624BD first flew in 1962.cite web |url = http://www.grumman.net/specific/yankee/grumman-whereitallbegan.html |title = Grumman, Where It All Began |year = 1997 |author = Skip Stagg |accessdate = 2007-09-24 ]

Construction features

The BD-1 was a low-wing monoplane of all-metal construction, utilizing aluminium honeycomb construction and a laminar flow wing. The aircraft was predominantly of bonded, rather than riveted, construction. It featured a sliding canopy and two seats. The aircraft was designed to be towed behind a car to allow it to be stored at home in a garage and thus reduce hangarage costs. To facilitate this goal the aircraft had folding wings and a horizontal stabilizer of less than 8 foot (2.4 m) width. It was designed to be fully aerobatic as well and was stressed for 9"g" (90 m/s²).cite web |url = http://www.grumman.net/specific/bd-1pirep.html |title = BEDE BD-1 |year = 1965 |author = Flying Annual & Pilots' Guide, 1965 Edition |accessdate = 2007-10-11 ]

Many parts of the BD-1 were interchangeable to simplify production. For example the wings were interchangeable as were the fin and horizontal tail. The ailerons and flaps were interchangeable and the rudder and elevators were as well. Many aerodynamic and handling compromises were made to achieve this commonality of parts and trailer-ability. [cite web |url = http://grumman.net/gallery/BD-1SalesBrochure/page2.jpg|title = The BD-1...Your Dream Airplane Come true pg 2|year = 1965 |author = BD Corp |accessdate = 2007-10-11 ]

The aircraft was intended to be offered with a variety of new or rebuilt engines. Rebuilt engines were to be available to reduce the purchase price. Design powerplants included the Continental A65-8 of convert|65|hp|abbr=on, Continental C90-14F of convert|90|hp|abbr=on, Continental O-200A of convert|100|hp|abbr=on and a Lycoming O-235C1 of convert|108|hp|abbr=on. [cite web |url = http://grumman.net/gallery/BD-1SalesBrochure/page4.jpg|title = The BD-1 Performances and Specifications pg 4|year = 1965 |author = BD Corp |accessdate = 2007-10-11 ]

Development

The BD-1 was never developed beyond prototype stage and no kits were produced. The company Bede founded to produce the BD-1 kits, Bede Aviation Corporation, eventually became American Aviation and they pursued FAA certification under FAR 23 for the design so that completed aircraft could be sold. Due to financial problems Bede was forced out of the company and the BD-1 was redesigned. [cite web |url = http://www.grumman.net/cgrcc/aa1.html |title = Gulfstream Yankee/Trainer AA-1|year = 1989 |author = Aviation Consumer |accessdate = 2007-10-11 ] cite web |url = http://www.aviationconsumer.com/sample/planereviews.html |title = AGAC AA-1|date = undated |author = Aviation Consumer |accessdate = 2007-10-11 ] cite web |url = http://www.grumman.net/specific/yankee/trustytrainer.html |title = Trusty Trainer|year = 1997 |author = Bill Cox |accessdate = 2007-10-11 ] [cite web |url = http://www.grumman.net/specific/yankee/ |title = The Grumman YankeeFighter Fun - Trainer Price! |date = undated |author = Scott Smith |accessdate = 2007-10-11 ]

Redesign by American Aviation

During the redesign process the aircraft was modified so that the wings did not fold, making it easier to achieve certification. Other changes included a longer wing to improve rate-of-climb, an anti-servo tab on the elevator along with an elevator centering spring system to increase longitudinal stability and stall strips to improve the stall performance. The resulting aircraft entered production in the fall of 1968 as the 1969 model American Aviation AA-1 Yankee Clipper.

The BD-1's Legacy

While the BD-1 never did enter production itself, it has had a lasting impact on light aircraft production and spawned a whole series of off-spring designs including the Grumman American AA-1, AA-5, and Gulfstream American GA-7 Cougar. The ultimate derivative design, the Tiger Aircraft AG-5B Tiger, was produced until 2006 by Tiger Aircraft.

pecifications (BD-1)

General characteristics

* Crew: 1 pilot
* Capacity: 1 passenger
* Length: 19 ft 3 in (5.87 m)
* Wingspan: 23 ft 6 in (7.17 m)
* Height: 6 ft 4 in (1.92 m)
* Wing area: 94 ft² (8.74 m²)
* Empty: 812 lb (367 kg)
* Loaded: 1,375 lb (623 kg)
* Maximum takeoff: 1,375 lb (623 kg)
* Powerplant: Lycoming O-235-C1, 108 hp (81 kW)

Projected performance

* Maximum Speed: 156 mph (250 km/h)
* Range: 694 miles (1,111 km)
* Service ceiling: 18,000 ft (5,490 m)
* Rate of climb: 1,150 ft/min (351 m/min)
* Wing loading: 14.5 lb/ft² (70.7 kg/m²)
* Power/mass: 0.08 hp/lb (130 W/kg)

References

* [http://www.grumman.net/specific/bd-1pirep.html BD-1 Pilot Evaluation Report from 1965]
* [http://www.grumman.net/gallery/BD-1SalesBrochure BD-1 Sales brochure and pictures]

External links

* [http://aerofiles.com/bede1.jpgPhoto of BD-1 prototype N624BD]

Related content

Related development:
AA-1 -
AA-5 -
GA-7

Comparable aircraft:
* Van's Aircraft RV-6
* Van's Aircraft RV-7
* Van's Aircraft RV-9
* Thorp T-211

Designation sequence:BD-1 -
BD-2 -
BD-3 -
BD-4 -
BD-5