- Sanas Cormaic
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Sanas Cormaic (or Sanas Chormaic, Irish for "Cormac's narrative"),[1] also known as Cormac's Glossary, is an early Irish glossary containing etymologies and explanations of over 1,400 Irish words, many of which are difficult or outdated. The shortest and earliest version of the work is ascribed to Cormac mac Cuilennáin (d. 908), king-bishop of Munster. It is an encyclopedic dictionary containing simple synonymous explanations in Irish or Latin of Irish words. In some cases he attempts to give the etymology of the words and in others he concentrates on an encyclopedic entry. It is held to be the first linguistic dictionary in any of the non-classical languages of Europe. Numerous of its entries are still frequently cited in Irish and Celtic scholarship.
Contents
Manuscripts and editions (with external links)
The glossary survives, in part or whole, in at least six manuscripts:[2] The work may have been included in the Saltair Chaisil "Psalter of Cashel", a now lost manuscript compilation which is thought to have contained various genealogical and etiological lore relating to Munster. The versions of Sanas Cormaic divide into two groups: the earliest and shortest version represented by Leabhar Breac and the fragment in MS Laud 610, and a longer one represented by the Yellow Book of Lecan, which underwent some expansion in the hands of later redactors.
Manuscripts Editions and translations - Leabhar Breac (Stokes’s version A) = Dublin, RIA, MS 1230 (23 P 16), pp. 263-72.
- Stokes, Whitley (ed.). Three Irish Glossaries: Cormac's Glossary, O'Davoren's Glossary and a Glossary to the Calendar of Oengus the Culdee. London: Williams and Norgate, 1862. 1-44.
- Stokes, Whitley (ed.) and John O'Donovan (tr.). Sanas Cormaic: Cormac's Glossary. Irish Archaeological and Celtic Society. Calcutta: O.T. Cutter, 1868.
- MS Laud 610 (Stokes’s version G) = Oxford, Bodleian Library MS Laud 610, f. 79r-84r. Fragment corresponding to YBL, 756-1224.
- Stokes, Whitley (ed. and tr.). "On the Bodleian Fragment of Cormac's Glossary." Transactions of the Philological Society (1891-94): 149-206.
- Yellow Book of Lecan (YBL) (Stokes’s version B) = Dublin, TCD MS 1318 (H.2.16), cols. 3-87 (= pp. 255a-283a in facsimile edition).
- Meyer, Kuno (ed.). "Sanas Cormaic." In Anecdota from Irish Manuscripts 4 (1912): I-XIX, 1-128.
- MS 1317 (Stokes’s version C) = Dublin, TCD MS 1317 (MS H.2.15), pp.13-39 (written by Fland) and pp. 77-102 (written by Dubhaltach Mac Firbhisigh).
See Early Irish Glossaries. - Book of Leinster (Stokes’s version F) = Dublin, TCD MS 1339 (H.2.18), p. 179a-b. Fragment, corresponding to YBL 1224-34 and 1268-75.
- Best, R.I. and M.A. O’Brien (eds.). Book of Leinster. Vol. 4. Dublin, 1965. pp. 780-1.
- Stokes, Whitley (ed.). Three Irish Glossaries. London, 1862. pp. 44-5.
- Leabhar Ua Maine = Dublin, RIA, MS D II 1 (MS 1225), pp. 177a-184a. Beginning, corresponding to YBL nos. 1-1224.
- Meyer, Kuno. "Cormacs Glossar nach der Handschrift des Buches der Uí Maine." Abhandlungen der Königlichen Preußischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Phil.-hist. Klasse (1919): 290-319.
- Thurneysen, Rudolf (ed.). "Zu Cormacs Glossar." In Festschrift Ernst Windisch. Leipzig, 1914. pp. 8-37. PDF available from Google Books US
- London, BL, Harleian 5280: f 75r-v. Entries for Mug Éme and Prull.[4]
- ibidem.
References
- ^ It is sometimes called Sanas Chormaic using modern rules of initial consonant mutation.
- ^ http://www.ucd.ie/tlh/header/ws.tig.001.header.html; http://www.ucc.ie/celt/MS-OMIT/index.htm; Early Irish Glossaries.
- ^ http://www.ucc.ie/celt/MS-OMIT/index.htm.
- ^ http://www.ucc.ie/celt/MS-OMIT/index.htm.
Further reading
- Russell, Paul. "Sanas Chormaic." In Celtic Culture. An Encyclopedia, ed. J.T. Koch. p. 1559.
- Russell, Paul. "Dúil Dromma Cetta and Cormac's Glossary." Études celtiques 32 (1996): pp. 115-42.
- Russell, Paul. "The Sound of Silence: The Growth of Cormac's Glossary." Cambridge Medieval Celtic Studies 15 (1988): pp. 1–30.
External links
Categories:- 9th-century books
- Irish texts
- Early Irish literature
- Irish dictionaries
- Irish-language literature
- Irish books
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