Charles MacGregor

This article is about a 19th century British General. For the similarly named actor, see Charles McGregor.

Major-General Sir Charles Metcalfe MacGregor KCB CSI CIE (August 12, 1840–1887) was an Anglo-Indian explorer, geographer and officer of the British Indian Army. He was the Quartermaster General for the British Army in India, the head of the Intelligence Department for the British Indian Army and served under Frederick Roberts in the Second and Third Anglo-Afghan Wars. The MacGregor Medal is awarded in his honour.

Biography

Of Scottish descent, MacGregor was born in Agra, India, the son of Major Robert Guthrie MacGregor of the Bengal Artillery. His grandfather was Major-General James MacGregor of the Bengal Cavalry.^[1] MacGregor was schooled at Marlborough College before returning to India aged 16 to join the Bengal Army.^[1] Arriving just in time for the Indian Rebellion of 1857, MacGregor fought in a number of actions, including at Lucknow and was wounded twice.^[1]

MacGregor earned successive promotions whilst serving variously in campaigns in China, the Bhutan War (where he became the deputy assistant Quartermaster General) and Abyssinia including at the Battle of Magdala. In the Second Afghan War MacGregor served as Quartermaster General on the Khyber communication lines and commanded the 3rd Brigade of the Kabul-Kandahar field force at the Battle of Kandahar.^[2] In the second phase of the Second Afghan War he became Commander Stewart's and Earl Roberts' chief of staff.^[2] After the Second Afghan War, training of men in intelligence gathering became the responsibility of the Quartermaster General and MacGregor served in this role for the East Indies until 1885.

In 1870 MacGregor founded the United Service Institution of India for the "furtherance of interest and knowledge in the art, science and literature of the Defence Services."^[3] The Institution awards the MacGregor Medal, founded in his memory, in recognition of valuable contributions to military intelligence that are of defensive importance to India.^[4]

MacGregor's The Defence of India (1884) attempted to alert the British public to the geo-strategic importance of India, and the threat posed to British interests by Russia.^[5]

MacGregor was decorated variously with the Order of the Bath (Knights Commander), the Order of the Star of India (Companion) and the Order of the Indian Empire (Companion).^[6] He was promoted to Major General weeks before his death in 1887.^[6]

Works

• Narrative of a journey through the province of Khorassan and on the n.w. frontier of Afghanistan in 1875, 1879
• Wanderings in Balochistan, 1882
• The defence of India: a strategical study, 1884

References

1. ^ ^{a b c} Holdich, T.H. Obituary: Sir Charles M. MacGregor, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, Vol. 9, No. 3 (Mar, 1887), pp. 194-196
2. ^ ^{a b} Laurie, W.F.B. Sketches of Some Distinguished Anglo-indians (W.H. Allen & Co. 1888)
3. ^ http://www.usiofindia.org/history.htm History of the United Service Institution of India
4. ^ http://www.usiofindia.org/mcgro.htm The MacGregor Medal
5. ^ Adrian Preston, Sir Charles MacGregor and the Defence of India, 1857-1887, The Historical Journal, XII, 1 (1969), pp. 58-77
6. ^ ^{a b} London Gazette, Issue 25674 (18 February 1887) p.4 http://www.gazettes-online.co.uk

External links

• Works by or about Charles MacGregor in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
• Rana Chhina

Persondata
Name	MacGregor, Charles
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	August 12, 1840
Place of birth
Date of death	1887
Place of death