- Francis P. Matthews
Francis Patrick Matthews (
March 15 ,1887 –October 18 ,1952 ) served as 49thUnited States Secretary of the Navy , during the administration of PresidentHarry Truman . Matthews served during most of Truman's second term, fromMay 25 ,1949 toJuly 31 ,1951 . He was also the Supreme Knight of theKnights of Columbus from 1939 to 1945.Born in
Albion, Nebraska , Matthews spent most of his adult life in Omaha. He graduated fromCreighton University in Omaha in 1913, then practiced law in that city from that time onward. He was active in business pursuits, civic and religious affairs and Democratic Party politics. From 1933 through 1949, he served as a consultant to theReconstruction Finance Corporation .During the Second World War, Mr. Matthews served as a Director and Vice President of the
United Service Organizations (USO) and was also involved in war-relief work. He was Director (1941-1951) of the Department of Finance in theU.S. Chamber of Commerce . Following the war, he served briefly (1946-1947) on thePresident's Committee on Civil Rights .Truman tapped Matthews in early 1949 to become
Secretary of the Navy . Matthews entered the post in May 1949, at a time of internal turmoil in the Department of Defense resulting from significant funding reductions and controversial decisions on defense priorities. He served through the first year of theKorean War ; during his two years in office, the federal government was massively increasing defense spending to meet international crises, and all the armed forces were under major strain as they simultaneously tried to meet the demands of a hot war inAsia and an intensive defense build-up inEurope .One of the key events of Matthews' time at the Navy Department was the so-called "
Revolt of the Admirals ," an intense controversy between the Navy and the Air Force over which service would be in charge of strategic bombing and the dropping of nuclear weapons. The Navy wanted to build huge flush-deck carriers (known as "supercarriers"), while the Air Force wanted to focus on theConvair B-36 bomber. Top Navy leaders "revolted" when they publicly expressed their dissatisfaction with the Defense Dept.'s policies, and several senior admirals (including ADMLouis E. Denfeld ,Chief of Naval Operations ) were forced to resign, or did so in protest.Matthews resigned the Navy post in July 1951 to become
Ambassador toIreland , the home of his ancestors.He died on
October 18 ,1952 , during a visit to Omaha.References
* [http://www.afa.org/magazine/perspectives/0588revolt.asp Wolk, Herman S. "The Revolt of the Admirals." "Air Force" (May 1988): 73.5.] Online. Air Force Association. Viewed 30 April 2005.
* [http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ship/docs/98-166.pdf Lewis, Andrew L., LCDR, USN. "The Revolt of the Admirals" (April 1998).] Student paper from Air Command and Staff College, Air University, Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama. Viewed 30 April 2005.External links
* [http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/pers-us/uspers-m/f-mathw.htm Matthews biography from the Naval Historical Center]
* [http://www.trumanlibrary.org/profile/viewpro.php?pid=137 Profile of Matthews from the Truman Presidential Library]
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