Aarne-Thompson classification system

Aarne-Thompson classification system

The Aarne-Thompson classification system is a system for classifying folktales.

Background

Antti Aarne was the student of Julius Krohn and his son Kaarle Krohn. He further developed their historic-geographic method of comparative folkloristics, and developed the initial version of what became the Aarne-Thompson classification system of classifying folktales, first published in 1910. The American folklorist Stith Thompson, in translating Aarne's motif-based classification system in 1928, enlarged its scope, and with his second addition to Aarne's catalogue in 1961 created the AT-number system (also referred to as AaTh system) often used today. The AT classification system has recently (2004) been expanded by Hans-Jörg Uther to the Aarne-Thompson-Uther or ATU systemFact|date=October 2007.

:The Aarne-Thompson system catalogues some 2500 basic plots from which, for countless generations, European and Near Eastern storytellers have built their tales. As Europeans and Near-Easterners travelled to the New World, the Far East, Africa, and other distant places, their tales migrated as well, often flourishing in their new environments. Hence, the Aarne-Thompson system encompasses tales found around the world.
Ashliman, p. ix

The classification was criticized by Vladimir Propp of the Formalist school of the 1920s, for ignoring the "functions" of the motifs by which they are classified. Furthermore, the "macro-level" analysis means that the stories that repeat motifs may not be classified together, while stories with wide divergences may be, because the classification must select some features as salient.

Types of Folktales

The following is a list of types given by the Aarne-Thompson-Uther System [http://oaks.nvg.org/folktale-types.html] , a second-hand source. Their source is: Uther, Hans-Jörg. The Types of International Folktales: A Classification and Bibliography Based on the System of Antti Aarne and Stith Thompson. Vols 13. FF Communications No. 28486, Helsinki: Academia Scientiarum Fennica, 2004.]

Animal Tales

*Wild Animals 199
**The Clever Fox (Other Animal) 169
**Other Wild Animals 7099
*Wild Animals and Domestic Animals 100149
*Wild Animals and Humans 150199
*Domestic Animals 200219
*Other Animals and Objects 220299

Tales of Magic

*Supernatural Adversaries 300399
*Supernatural or Enchanted Wife (Husband) or Other Relative 400459
**Wife 400424
**Husband 425449
**Brother or Sister 450459
*Supernatural Tasks 460499
*Supernatural Helpers 500559
*Magic Objects 560649
*Supernatural Power or Knowledge 650699
*Other Tales of the Supernatural 700749

Religious Tales

*God Rewards and Punishes 750779
*The Truth Comes to Light 780799
*Heaven 800809
*The Devil 810826
*Other Religious Tales 827849

Realistic Tales (Novelle)

*The Man Marries the Princess 850869
*The Woman Marries the Prince 870879
*Proofs of Fidelity and Innocence 880899
*The Obstinate Wife Learns to Obey 900909
*Good Precepts 910919
*Clever Acts and Words 920929
*Tales of Fate 930949
*Robbers and Murderers 950969
*Other Realistic Tales 970999

Tales of the Stupid Ogre/Giant/Devil

*Labor Contract 10001029
*Partnership between Man and Ogre 10301059
*Contest between Man and Ogre 10601114
*Man Kills/Injures Ogre 11151144
*Ogre Frightened by Man 11451154
*Man Outwits the Devil 11551169
*Souls Saved from the Devil 11701199

Anecdotes and Jokes

*Stories about a Fool 12001349
*Stories about Married Couples 13501439
**The Foolish Wife and Her Husband 13801404
**The Foolish Husband and His Wife 14051429
**The Foolish Couple 14301439
*Stories about a Woman 14401524
**Looking for a Wife 14501474
**Jokes about Old Maids 14751499
**Other Stories about Women 15001524
*Stories about a Man 15251724
**The Clever Man 15251639
**Lucky Accidents 16401674
**The Stupid Man 16751724
*Jokes about Clergymen and Religious Figures 17251849
**The Clergyman is Tricked 17251774
**Clergyman and Sexton 17751799
**Other Jokes about Religious Figures 18001849
*Anecdotes about Other Groups of People 18501874
*Tall Tales 18751999

Formula Tales

*Cumulative Tales 20002100
**Chains Based on Numbers, Objects, Animals, or Names 20002020
**Chains Involving Death 20212024
**Chains Involving Eating 20252028
**Chains Involving Other Events 20292075
*Catch Tales 22002299
*Other Formula Tales 23002399

A fully detailed list is on the source site.

ee also

*Morphology (folkloristics)

References

* Antti Aarne, "The Types of the Folktale: A Classification and Bibliography," The Finnish Academy of Science and Letters, Helsinki, 1961. ISBN 951-41-0132-4
* Ashliman, D. L., "A Guide to Folktales in the English Language" Greenwood Press, 1987.
* [http://www.folklorefellows.fi/comm/rec/recentffc284-6.html Uther, Hans-Jörg 2004. "The Types of International Folktales : A Classification and Bibliography", Parts IIII] : the ATU classification system

External links

* [http://oaks.nvg.org/folktale-types.html Folktale Types] — an explanation of the AT-number system.
* [http://www.pitt.edu/~dash/folktexts.html D. L. Ashliman, "Folklore and Mythology Electronic Texts"]
* [http://www.gwu.edu/~folktale/GERM232/bearskin/web%20pages/StructuralAnalysis.html Structural Analysis of Variants of Tale Type 361] : an example of the Aarne-Thompson analytic method
* [http://www.folklore.ee/folklore/vol27/kawan.pdf Reflections on International Narrative Research on the Example of the Tale of the three Oranges] (AT 408)
* [http://www.folklorefellows.fi/netw/ffn20/classifying.html Classifying folktales - The Third Revision of the Aarne-Thompson Tale Type Index]
* [http://starling.rinet.ru/kozmin/tales/ A search tool for ATU numbers geographic distribution]


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