- LGBT rights in Serbia
LGBT rights inSerbia Laws
Homosexuality is legal inSerbia . "Age of Consent " is fourteen (14) years.Protection Based on Sexual Orientation and/or Gender Identity in Laws
Until 2002,
Serbia had no special protection onLGBT rights. [ [http://www.bgcentar.org.yu/documents/DISKRIMINACIJA%20ZAKONI.htm Anti-discrimination paragraphs in Laws, in Serbian] ]Since 2003, regarding hate speech in media, there is a ban against discrimination based on sexual orientation. It was introduced in the Information Law. Additionally, the same ban existed previously in the Radio Emitters Law, adopted 2002. Unfortunately, these laws are not obeyed, and Radio Emitters Agency, an independent governmental agency that should force those bans on registered emitters, hasn't done anything so far, regardless of
LGBT NGO s demands.In 2005, through a change in the Labor Law, discrimination based on sexual orientation in employment was put out of legality. However, there are no public records that this ban was used for prosecutions so far.
Recognition of same-sex couples
While
same-sex couple s have never been recognized by law, the new Serbian constitution, adopted in November of 2006, has an outright ban onsame-sex marriage s and other forms of recognition, such as domestic partnerships, civil unions, etc. The measure consists of defining a recognized and accepted relationship as only as one between a male and a female, thus limiting any same-sex couple rights. [ [http://www.parlament.sr.gov.yu/content/eng/akta/ustav/ustav_ceo.asp Serbian Constitution] ]History
Male homosexuality in Serbia was banned by law since 1977, but there are no records that law was ever applied. Laws never addressedfemale homosexuality, mostly because of lawmakers’ negligence on the topic.In 1978, male homosexuality became legal in
Vojvodina , the northern province ofSerbia , when Serbian provinces had a certain degree of law-making power; this move complied with relaxed public opinion on this issue in the province. As of then, homosexuality was in all terms equal withheterosexuality , without any special rights onsame-sex marriage s,same-sex union s or protection againstdiscrimination . The legalization lasted until 1990, when Vojvodina was reincorporated into the legal system of Serbia, which was forbidding male homosexuality at that time.Finally, in 1994 male homosexuality became legal in
Serbia , with an "Age of Consent " of eighteen (18) for anal intercourse between males and fourteen (14) for other sexual practices. Then, an equal "Age of Consent " of fourteen (14) was introduced on January 1, 2006, regardless of sexual orientation and/or gender.See also: a page about "Age of Consent" in Europe, Serbian section.
Military Law
Homosexuals are banned from military service; however proving that an individual is a homosexual is uncommon since the process for doing so is very difficult and embarrassing, with numerous psychological sessions every couple of years. The Serbian army goes by a "
Don't ask, don't tell " policy similar to the one in theUnited States armed forces.Development of activism
Development of
LGBT rights and culture in Serbia is contributed by LGBT sites such as the oldest [http://groups.yahoo.com/group/lgbtyu FR Yugoslavia LGBT Activism mailing list] in the region, [http://www.gay-serbia.com Gay-Serbia] and [http://www.queeria.com Queeria] which are important online points for organising gay activism, as well as for meeting other gay and gay-tolerant people.Gay life in the country
Gay s andlesbians continue to face discrimination and harassment in Serbia. The majority of Serbian people display vast anti-gay attitudes. There have been numerous instances of violent gay-bashing, the most extreme during the first Belgrade Gay Pride.There were two other plans for Pride Day celebration in
Serbia , one in Belgrade in 2004 initiated by activists around GSA and another in Novi Sad initiated by LGBT Vojvodina in 2007, but because of low cooperation between activist groups and inability to provide adequate safety against violance due to limited funding, they never made it.Official medical textbooks that classify homosexuality under "Sexual Deviations and Disorders" are widely used through. After several requests to do so, Serbian Medical Society has finally stated that same-sex orientation is not a disease in official letter to Labris in 2008.
The gay scene is small with clubs proclaiming themsleves as LGBT (friendly) opening and closing frequently. As of 2008, "Loud & Queer" is the only official LGBT club, working in Belgrade. Additionally, few gay and gay-friendly cafes are located in the downtown area of Belgrade and Novi Sad, but their existence is a public secret.
LGBT Organizations in Serbia
* [http://www.lambda.org.yu Lambda] ,
LGBT human rights andqueer culture centre (with offices inNiš andKragujevac )
* [http://www.gay.rs LGBT Vojvodina] ,right s andculture development center of homosexual, bisexual and transsexual/transgenderpopulation ofVojvodina
* [http://www.labris.org.yu Labris, lesbian human rights group]
*Taboo, group for affirmation of diversity. NGO working in Zrenjanin, Kragujevac and other smaller Serbian towns.
* [http://www.queeriacentar.org Queeria]
* [http://www.gay-serbia.com/gayten_lgbt/index.jsp Gayten LGBT]
* [http://www.gsa.org.rs Gay-straight Alliance] , based in Belgrade
* [http://www.cups.org.yu/kpd Koalicija protiv diskriminacije / Coalition Against Discrimination]Summary table
References
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