Awanui

Infobox Settlement
name = Awanui
population_total = 351
population_as_of = 2006
subdivision_type = Country
subdivision_name = New Zealand
subdivision_type1= Region
subdivision_name1= Northland Region
subdivision_type2= District
subdivision_name2= Far North District
pushpin_

latd = 35
latm = 2
lats = 52
latNS = S
longd = 173
longm = 15
longs = 22
longEW = E

Awanui is a river port located 7 km north of Kaitaia, New Zealand. It lies at the south of the Aupouri Peninsula of the Northland Region. The Awanui River flows north to Rangaunu Bay. In the 1920s, kauri timber and gum from Kaitaia moved to the coast through Awanui. [cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/Places/Northland/NorthlandPlaces/2/en|title=Northland places|encyclopedia=Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand]

State Highway 1 and 10 intersect at Awanui. Waiharara is 16 km to the north west, Kaingaroa is about 6 km to the north east, and Kaitaia is 8 km to the south. [cite book|title=Reed New Zealand Atlas|year=2004|id=ISBN 0-7900-0952-8|author=Peter Dowling (editor)|publisher=Reed Books|pages=map 3]

The population was 351 in the 2006 Census, a decrease of 18 from 2001. [cite web|url=http://www.stats.govt.nz/census/2006-census-data/final-counts/northland-region.htm|title=Final counts – census night and census usually resident populations, and occupied dwellings - Far North District|publisher=Statistics New Zealand]

History

The Subritzky Family

Early in 1868, John Anton Subritzky and his family sold up the business interests of the Subritzkys in Maldon, Australia and sailed to New Zealand aboard the barquentine Prince Alfred, arriving first in the Port of Auckland and then sailing aboard a family schooner to Houhora and the Mount Camel Station which was a very large estate owned by his older brothers Captain Ludolph Johann and Heinrich Wilhelm.

Within a short space of time the Subritzky family owned or controlled almost all of the North from Awanui northward - the town of Awanui was built by the Subritzky's and their extended family, both Pakeha and Maori. The hub of the Subritzky family operations was the Mount Camel Station and their influence on the Far North for the next fifty years stretched far and wide. They imported cattle and developed their own breed of shorthorn. They developed a shipping link with Auckland, transporting many of the early pioneering families into the northern districts. The Subritzkys also established flax mills and began processing fibres for sales and export. Then came the days of the gum diggers and for the rest of the 1800s and later well into the 1900s it was the gum trade which provided much of the prosperity in Northland.

The Elingamite Tragedy

On the 5 November 1902, the steamer Elingamite had sailed from Sydney bound for Auckland. On the morning of the 9th the ship encountered a dense fog and the engines were slowed to half speed. The "Elingamite" was a large inter-colonial passenger steamer and onboard were nearly two hundred souls.

One of the ships look-outs managed to cry out "Breakers ahead!" but it was too late and the ship ploughed on straight ahead and tore herself open on the rocks of West King Island. Within minutes the ship took on a large volume of water. There were six lifeboats on board and they were immediately launched. The captain stayed with his ship until she was fully under and he was washed into the sea and picked up by one of the lifeboats.

Under the command of the Executive Officer L. Berkett, Number Two lifeboat struck out to find help. He took the lifeboat round North Cape and down the east coast towards Houhora. They landed just north of Mount Camel and several of the party stumbled overland through the scrub to the Houhora Hotel to raise the alarm. The Evans family sent a telegram to Auckland and a rescue fleet was raised. "HMS Penguin", "SS Omapere", and "SS Clansman" were despatched from Auckland and took part in the search and rescue, as did the Auxiliary schooner of the [http://subritzky.homestead.com/north.html Subritzky] fleet the "Greyhound".

Meanwhile, at Houhora the locals took things into their own hands. They despatched a rider down to Awanui to alert the crew of the "Greyhound" which was known to be in port. They also knew that a passenger ship, the "Zealandia", was sailing up the coast en route to Australia and would soon be passing Mount Camel. Members of the Wagener, Northwood and McIntosh families put to sea in Peter McIntosh's whaleboat and succeeded in getting the "Zealandia" to hove to. They informed the captain and he immediately got under way at all speed, however leaving behind a very exhausted whaleboat crew to their own devices some 25 miles out to sea. Note: The whaleboat used by the Houhora families in this rescue now rests in the Auckland War Memorial Museum.

On the evening of the 10 November 1902, [http://www.nzmaritimeindex.org.nz/ixpersonsS.htm Captain Alfred Subritzky] , master of the "Greyhound" was asleep at his home in Awanui, the "Greyhound" was tied up alongside the Subritzky wharf. He was awoken by the sound of hoofbeats, a man galloping on a horse calling his name "Captain Subritzky!" The rider drew up outside the house having ridden hard down from Houhora, all the while yelling "The Elingamite's gone down! The Elingamite's gone down!""Where's she gone down son?" asked Captain Subritzky."She hit the Three Kings, sir," he replied.After checking his pocket watch Captain Subritzky realised that the tides were all wrong and the bar at the entrance to the harbour at the time was hardly covered by the incoming sea. He hurried down to the "Greyhound", roused the crew and made ready for sea wearing sea-boots and pyjamas. They poled down the Awanui river, then ran up all available canvas - the ship still had to clear the bar. The "Greyhound" raced at the bar with the auxiliary engine running and the sails set "Goose Wing" fashion, one boom on the port beam, one boom on the starboard beam and the wind blowing from directly astern. The bow section cleared and then there was a terrific thump as the keel struck the bar, but the vessel shuddered her way over then ploughed northward and into the open sea. The race for the survivors was on.

The Three Kings Islands are located at the very tip of the North Island and the "Greyhound" was the first ship to commence the search and uplifted three dead males from the water who were later identified from documents in their clothing as Messer's Green, Parker and C. Johnson. Captain Subritzky wanted to hand the bodies over to the "SS Clansman" and continue searching further out to sea, however the master of the "Clansman" refused to take possession of them and so the Greyhound was forced to return to Awanui due to the decaying of the remains. The three deceased were buried in an unmarked grave at Saint Joseph's churchyard in Awanui by the crew of the "Greyhound" and the Reverend Merton.

Education

Awanui School is a contributing primary (years 1-6) school with a decile rating of 2 and a roll of 74. [cite web|url=http://www.tki.org.nz/e/schools/display_school_info.php?school_id=1004|title=Te Kete Ipurangi|publisher=Ministry of Education]

Paparore School is a contributing primary (years 1-6) school slightly north of Awanui, in Waipapakauri. It has a decile rating of 3 and a roll of 117. [cite web|url=http://www.tki.org.nz/e/schools/display_school_info.php?school_id=1078|title=Te Kete Ipurangi|publisher=Ministry of Education]

Te Rangi Aniwaniwa is a composite school serving years 1-15, with a decile rating of 1 and a roll of 137. [cite web|url=http://www.tki.org.nz/e/schools/display_school_info.php?school_id=1147|title=Te Kete Ipurangi|publisher=Ministry of Education]

All three schools are coeducational.

Notes

References

*"The Gumdigger - "The Story of Kauri Gum"," Reed A.H. NZ 1948, page: 57 (various other pages);

*"To The Northward" "(A history of the Mangonui County area, which included the Aupouri Peninsula, Kaitaia and Whangaroa)." KEENE F.M. QSM Bryant Print, Whangarei NZ.. 1977. (various pages);

*"The Subritzky Legend" - "A historic publication of New Zealand's first Polish settler family". M.R.G. Subritzky (John Dunmore, Heritage Press Ltd), NZ 1990. ISBN: 0-908708-20-3;

*"Subritzky Shipping - A Heritage of Sail 1843 - 1993" M.R.G. Subritzky 1993. Forward by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Anne_Tizard Dame Catherine Tizard, ONZ, GCMG, GCVO, DBE, QSO] , 1st Edition 1993 (Cloudy Bay Publishing) NZ, 2nd Edition 1994, ISBN: 0-473-01849-7;

*"The German Connection - New Zealand and German - speaking Europe in the Nineteenth Century" Edited by Bade Professor J.N. (Oxford University Press, Auckland University) NZ 1996, Part IV "The Contribution of German Settlers to Business and Enterprise in New Zealand," Chapter 22 The Subritzky's. ISBN: 019-558-283-7;

*"KAITAIA - Portraits from the Past 1900 - 1939," Parker K. (Bridgewater & Top Print Kaitaia) 1999, NZ. (various) Chapter 3 "Changes Faces of Transport", Chapter 4 "The Many uses of Land", Chapter 20 "Regional Potpourri - Houhora Home of the Subritzky and Evans families". ISBN: 0-473-05930-4;

*"Tea Tree Berry Kid - The Influence of the Far North" Evans A.I. NHPS (Northland Historical Publications Society) NZ, 1996, pages: 3, 7,17, 32. ISBN: 0-95-97-926-8;

"The Zubrzycki (Subritzky) family established an estate in Houhora and as well built the town of Awanui and became involved in coastal shipping, owning many ships. Captain John Anton Subritzky owned one of the first motor cars in Auckland, and also is recorded as having the first traffic accident in Auckland in 1904. The family also established "Subritzky Shipping Line" which is New Zealand's oldest privately owned shipping company";

External links

* [http://www.aatravel.co.nz/new-zealand/Awanui_Shopping.html Awanui Shopping]