Sylvatic cycle

The sylvatic cycle, also enzootic or sylvatic transmission cycle, is a portion of the natural transmission cycle of a pathogen. The sylvatic cycle is the fraction of the pathogen population's lifespan spent cycling between wild animals and vectors. This is opposed to an "domestic", or "urban", cycle, in which the pathogen cycles between vectors and non-wild, urban, or domestic animals; humans may have differing infection rates from these cycles due to transmission efficiencies and environmental exposure levels.

Examples of pathogens that contain a sylvatic cycle include trichinosis, [cite journal |author=Schmitt N, Saville JM, Greenway JA, Stovell PL, Friis L, Hole L |title=Sylvatic trichinosis in British Columbia: potential threat to human health from an independent cycle |journal=Public Health Rep |volume=93 |issue=2 |pages=189–93 |year=1978 |pmid=635095 |doi=] dengue viruses, [cite journal |author=Vasilakis N, Holmes EC, Fokam EB, "et al" |title=Evolutionary processes among sylvatic dengue type 2 viruses |journal=J. Virol. |volume=81 |issue=17 |pages=9591–5 |year=2007 |pmid=17553878 |doi=10.1128/JVI.02776-06] "Yersinia pestis", [http://www.kcom.edu/faculty/chamberlain/website/lectures/lecture/plague.htm Plague: Yersinia pestis] ] Chagas disease, [ [http://www.dbbm.fiocruz.br/tropical/chagas/chapter4.html Epidemiology of Chagas disease] ] and "Trypanosoma cruzi".cite journal |author=Fernandes O, Mangia RH, Lisboa CV, "et al" |title=The complexity of the sylvatic cycle of Trypanosoma cruzi in Rio de Janeiro state (Brazil) revealed by the non-transcribed spacer of the mini-exon gene |journal=Parasitology |volume=118 ( Pt 2) |issue= |pages=161–6 |year=1999 |pmid=10028530 |doi=]

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