- Baden (wine region)
Baden is a region ("Anbaugebiet") for quality wine in Germany [http://www.wein.de/1462.0.html Wein.de (German Agricultural Society): Baden] , read on January 1, 2008] , and is located in the historical region of
Baden in southwesternGermany , which today forms part of the federal state ofBaden-Württemberg . Under German wine legislation, Baden and Württemberg are separate wine regions.With 16,008
hectare s (39,557acre ) under vine in 2006, Baden is Germany's third largest wine region [http://www.deutscheweine.de/icc/Internet-DE/med/1a6/1a64f607-a3e5-5117-3d28-952196117f51,11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111.pdf German Wine Institute: German Wine Statistics 2007-2008] ] , but seems to be much less known on export markets in comparison to many smaller Germans regions, and in comparison to the neighbouring French region of Alsace, which is of similar size. Winemaking cooperatives are very common in Baden, number around 100, and are responsible for 85% of the region's production. [ [http://www.wein-plus.de/glossar/index.html?Suchwort=Baden Wein-Plus Glossar: Baden] , read on January 1, 2008]History
This wine region is very old. For a long time neither colour nor quality was known. In the Kraichgau the high noble Counts of
Katzenelnbogen received their titel and were famous for supporting viticulture since the 12th. century. Later they showed up in the history of wine again when they planted Riesling the first time inRüsselsheim [ http://www.graf-von-katzenelnbogen.de/ Baden, The History of the County of Katzenelnbogen and the First Riesling of the World] .Geography
From north to south, Baden spans approximately 500 kilometers, and is primarily situated on the eastern bank of river
Rhine .Much of Baden is situated in theRhine rift , which is protected by theBlack Forest and theVosges mountains to the west of Rhine, and is therefore one of Germany's warmest location. Therefore, its wines are usually more full-bodied and higher in alcohol than wines from many other German regions, and it is the only German wine region situated inEuropean Union wine growing zone B rather than A.J. Robinson (ed), "The Oxford Companion to Wine", Third Edition, p 59, Oxford University Press 2006, ISBN 0198609906] On the other side of Rhine from Baden, Alsace is situated.Due to its very large north-south length, Baden is divided into nine districts ("Bereiche"), which is more than any other German wine region. [ [http://www.deutscheweine.de/internet-en/nav/614/61407d71-9ffe-401e-76cd-461d7937aae2$20950559-5a8d-4501-e76c-d461d7937aae.htm German Wine Institute: Soil & Sites] , read on January 1, 2008] From north to south, these districts are: [H. Johnson & J. Robinson, "The World Atlas of Wine", Fifth Edition, pp 215 & 235, Mitchell Beazley, London 2001, ISBN 1 84000 332 4]
* Tauberfranken, in the northeastern outskirts of the region and neighbouring Franconia. The wines are similar to the wines of Franconia, and are sold in the roundBocksbeutel bottle characteristic of Franconia.
* Badische Bergstrasse, the vineyards of which is a continuation of those of the small regionHessische Bergstrasse . This district is situated around the city ofHeidelberg .
* Kraichgau, just to the south of Badische Bergstrasse, and east of the city ofKarlsruhe .
* Ortenau, fromBaden-Baden to just south ofOffenburg is one of the more well-known districts.
* Breisgau, from just south of Offenburg and toFreiburg . According to meteorological statistics, it has the highest average temperature and the number of sunshine hours of the region.
*Kaiserstuhl , a number of hills of volcanic origin northwest of Freiburg with characteristic terraced vineyards. Its wines are powerful and it is probably the best-known district of Baden.
* Tuniberg is situated on flatter land just south of Kaiserstuhl and west of Freiburg, and produces wines of a lighter style.
* Markgräflerland stretches from Freiburg to the Swiss border atBasel , and is known for its easy-drinkingGutedel wines.
* Bodensee is situated in the southeastern outskirts of the region, on the northwestern shores ofLake Constance , which is known as "Bodensee" in German.Grape varieties
Grape varieties of the
Pinot family are responsible for more than 50% of the vineyards of Baden, withSpätburgunder (Pinot Noir ) covering 36.7% of Baden's vineyards in 2006 or 5,877 hectares,Grauburgunder (Pinot Gris ) 10.3% andWeißburgunder (Pinot Blanc ) 7.1%. Baden thus has more of these three Pinot varieties than any other German wine region. Correspondingly,Riesling (7.5% in 2006) plays a smaller role than in most other regions, although it is more common around some villages.Müller-Thurgau is grown on 18.1% of Baden's vineyards, and plantings have decreased considerably in recent years to be replaced by Spätburgunder and other red grape varieties.Gutedel (Chasselas ) is also grown on 6.8% of the vineyard surface, making Baden practically the only region in Germany where Gutedel wines are produced, and the region accounts for 97% of Germany's plantings of this variety.References
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