- Katholikon
A Katholikon ( _el. Καθολικόν) is the major
temple (church building) of amonastery , ordiocese in theEastern Orthodox Church . The name derives from the fact that it is (usually) the largest temple where all gather together to celebrate the majorfeast day s of theliturgical year . At other times, the smaller temples orchapel s would be used. In Russia, it is common for a katholikon to have a smaller church in the basement which can be more easily heated in the winter.A katholikon may have special architectural features in it, such as a
kathedra (episcopalthrone ), or both an "esonarthex" (inner-narthex ) and "exonarthex" (outer narthex), used for special services such as duringHoly Week or thePaschal vigil .The word katholikon is often translated into English as
cathedral ; however, unlike inWestern Christianity an Eastern Orthodox diocese may have more than one cathedral. In addition to a bishop's primary cathedral, other important churches may be elevated to the dignity of cathedral, without the bishop actually being resident there. Therector of such churches will usually be anArchpriest orProtopresbyter .
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