Sir James Mackenzie

Infobox Scientist
name = Sir James Mackenzie
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caption = Sir James Mackenzie
birth_date = April 12, 1853
birth_place = Scone
death_date = January 26, 1925
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nationality = Scottish
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field = cardiologist
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Sir James Mackenzie (April 12, 1853 - January 26, 1925) was a Scottish cardiologist, pioneer in the study of cardiac arrhythmias.

Biography

James Mackenzie was born in Scone, where his father was a farmer. After receiving his MD degree at the University of Edinburgh in 1882, Mackenzie practiced medicine for more than a quarter of a century in Burnley, in the borough of Burnley in Lancashire, England. While he was engaged in a busy practice, he made many original observations and had many scientific papers published.

At first he used a sphygmograph of Riva-Rocci for graphically recording a pulse; then he was first to make simultaneous records of the arterial and venous pulses with a device that he called a "polygraph," to evaluate the condition of the heart and to measure the AV interval. In 1890 he discovered premature ventricular contractions. Mackenzie also drew attention to the question of the heart's capacity for work, paving the way for the study of the energetics of the heart muscle.

In 1887 he married Frances Jackson and honeymooned in Italy. He had two daughters Dorothy (born in 1888) and Jean (in 1893). He left Burnley for London and set up as a consulting physician in November 1907. His reputation grew rapidly. His "polygraph" enabled Mackenzie to make original distinctions between harmless and dangerous types of pulse irregularities. He also demonstrated the efficacy of the Digitalis in the treatment of arrhythmias. In 1915 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society and he was knighted.

Selected writings

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References

* cite journal
author =Murdoch J, Denz-Penhey H
title =John Flynn meets James Mackenzie: developing the discipline of rural and remote medicine in Australia
journal =Rural Remote Health
year =2007
month =Oct-Dec
volume=7
issue =4
pages =726
pmid = 17944551
* cite journal
author =Murdoch JC.
title =Mackenzie's puzzle--the cornerstone of teaching and research in general practice.
journal =Br J Gen Pract
year =1997 | month =Oct
volume=47
issue =423
pages =656–8.
pmid = 9474833
* cite journal
author =McMichael J.
title =Sir James Mackenzie and atrial fibrillation--a new perspective
journal = J R Coll Gen Pract
year =1981
month =Jul
volume=31
issue =228
pages =402–6.
pmid = 7033523
*Citation
id = PMID:3281772
url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3281772
last=Krikler
first=D M
publication-date=1988 Mar
year=1988
title=Sir James Mackenzie.
volume=11
issue=3
periodical=Clinical cardiology
pages=193-4
*Citation
id = PMID:7021816
url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7021816
last=McCormick
first=J S
publication-date=1981 Jan
year=1981
title=James Mackenzie and coronary heart disease.
volume=31
issue=222
periodical=The Journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners
pages=26-30
*Citation
id = PMID:379406
url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/379406
last=Borodulin
first=V I
publication-date=1979 May
year=1979
title= [James Mackenzie and his place in the history of cardiology (on the 125th anniversary of his birth)]
volume=19
issue=5
periodical=Kardiologiia
pages=111-3
*Citation
id = PMID:13092035
url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13092035
last=STEVENSON
first=I
publication-date=1953 Oct
year=1953
title=Sir James Mackenzie, 1853-1953.
volume=46
issue=4
periodical=Am. Heart J.
pages=479-84
*Citation
id = PMID:12596073
url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12596073
last=Fazekas
first=T
last2=Liszkai
first2=G
last3=Bielik
first3=H
last4=Lüderitz
first4=B
publication-date=2003 Feb
year=2003
title= [History of atrial fibrillation]
volume=92
issue=2
periodical=Zeitschrift für Kardiologie
pages=122-7
doi = 10.1007/s00392-003-0889-4
*Citation
id = PMID:11915187
url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11915187
last=Fazekas
first=Tamás
last2=Liszkai
first2=Gizella
publication-date=2002 Feb 10
year=2002
title= [History of atrial fibrillation]
volume=143
issue=6
periodical=Orvosi hetilap
pages=285-9
*Citation
id = PMID:10319040
url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10319040
last=Moorhead
first=R
publication-date=1999 Jan
year=1999
title=Sir James Mackenzie (1853-1925): views on general practice education and research.
volume=92
issue=1
periodical=Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine
pages=38-43

External links

* [http://www.rcgp.org.uk/services__contacts/history_heritage__archives/archives/personal_papers/sir_james_mackenzie.aspx A Biography of James Mackenzie]