Eduard Ritter von Schleich

Infobox Military Person
nickname= "The Black Knight"
name= Eduard Ritter von Schleich
lived= August 9, 1888 - November 15, 1947
placeofbirth= Munich
placeofdeath= Diessen, Bavaria


caption= Eduard Ritter von Schleich with the Pour le Mérite at his neck
allegiance= German Empire
serviceyears= 1910-1918
rank= Hauptmann
branch= Infantry, Luftstreitkräfte
unit= FA 2, Jasta 21, 32, JG IV, JGR 8, SS 28
awards= Pour le Mérite, Iron Cross 1st & 2nd Class, Knight's Cross of the Military Order of Max-Joseph

Eduard Ritter von Schleich (August 9, 1888 - November 15, 1947), neé Eduard-Maria Joseph Schleich was a high scoring Bavarian flying ace of World War I. He was credited with 35 aerial victories at the end of the war.

Early life

Born in Munich, Bavaria to an artist his family soon moved to the spa city of Bad Tölz. After he finished school Schleich decided to enroll to a cadet programm in the Bavarian Army and eventually earned a commission with the 11th Bavarian Infantry Regiment in 1910. Prior to the outbreak of World War I, Schleich was plagued with medical problems and released from active duty. He volunteered again and on 25 August 1914 was badly wounded in the Battle of Lorraine.

World War 1

While he was recovering from his wounds he decided to volunteer in the Royal Bavarian Air Service, and was accepted for training as an observer. After service with FEA 1 on two seaters, he applied for pilot training and qualified in September 1915. In January 1916 During an observation flight, Schleich was wounded in the arm by an exploding anti-aircraft shell. Instead of returning to base, Schleich, had his crewman bandage his wound while still in the air and then continued to complete his assignment. He was decorated with the Iron Cross First Class for this action.

The wound meant he did not see further service until September, when he assumed command of "Fleigerschule 1". He joined Jasta 21 in May 1917, and commanded the unit from June onwards. Prior to his leadership , Jasta 21 had a lack lustre combat record and low morale, but under von Schleich within a month the Jasta had downed 36 enemy aircraft, 19 credited to Schleich personally.

When his best friend on the Jasta, Leutnant Erich Limpert was killed in a dogfight, Schleich ordered his plane to be painted all black. The news of the black plane soon led to Schleich being dubbed ' The Black Knight'.

Ongoing Prussian and Bavarian political arguments over a non-prussian commanding a Prussian fighter unit caused a new Bavarian Jasta to be formed and von Schliech was re-assigned to command Jasta 32 in October 1917.

He was awarded the Order Pour le Mérite in December, and in March took command of "Jagdgruppe Nr. 8", a collection of jastas 23,34 and 35. By the war's end his score was 35.

Post War

Von Schleich was briefly hospitalised in Bad Reichenhall regaining his strength after many years of combat. In 1919, he was assigned to as Inspector with the Bavarian Air Service.

In April 1919, The German Communist Party forcibly gained control of Munich, and von Schleich was marked for immediate arrest and trial. Fortunately government troops were able to oust the Communists the following month, returning Bavaria once again to the Weimar Republic.

After a short stint as a pilot with the Bavarian Police, von Schleich became a liaison officer with the Army Peace Commission, responsible for the implementation of the Armistice terms.

Demobilised in December 1921, von Schleich worked a peat farmer, and later a Lufthansa airline pilot. Leaving the airlines in 1929, he started a flying club in Munich. He joined the Nazi Party in 1931, and at the same time became a member of the "SS-Fliegerstaffel", a paramilitary flying organization. He was given control of the Hitler Youth flying programmes, and promoted to General. With the creation of the Luftwaffe in 1935, von Schleich’s returned to military service as a Major overseeing the training of air reserve units and of dive-bombing pilots. He was then assigned to command the new "Jagdgeschwader 234" in 1937. Von Schleich was promoted to "Oberst" and assigned to "Jagdgeschwader 132" ‘Schlageter’, tasked with defending the western frontier of Germany. Re-designated in 1939 as Jagdgeschwader 26, the wing saw only limited service during the initial phases of World War II.

World War Two

As a Generalmajor von Schleich became the commander of the fighter pilot school at Wien-Schwechat, Austria in December 1939. In late 1940 when he was sent to Romania to the Luftwaffe Mission, assisting in the the organization and training of the Romanian Air Force.

In mid 1941 Von Schleich then became Commander of the Occupying Forces in Denmark, spending nearly two and one-half years there.

Von Schleich’s final assignment was Luftwaffe Ground Forces Commander in Norway, a post he held until late 1944. The regional command was disbanded in September, only nine months after von Schleich arrived. Placed onto the reserve list in mid-November, von Schleich eventually retired as a Generalleutnant.

Held by American forces after the war, he died in custody on 15 November 1947, aged 59 years, from a heart condition. Von Schleich was buried in Diessen am Ammersee, near Munich.

Decorations

* Iron Cross
* Order of Max-Joseph
* Order Pour le Mérite, Patent from Dec 05 1917

References

[Ritter von Schleich] http://www.rittervonschleich.com

External links

* [http://www.theaerodrome.com/aces/germany/schleich.php Eduard Ritter von Schleich page at the aerodrome.com]