VRK1

Vaccinia related kinase 1, also known as VRK1, is a human gene.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: VRK1 vaccinia related kinase 1| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=7443| accessdate = ]

PBB_Summary
section_title =
summary_text = This gene encodes a member of the vaccinia-related kinase (VRK) family of serine/threonine protein kinases. This gene is widely expressed in human tissues and has increased expression in actively dividing cells, such as those in testis, thymus, fetal liver, and carcinomas. Its protein localizes to the nucleus and has been shown to promote the stability and nuclear accumulation of a transcriptionally active p53 molecule and, in vitro, to phosphorylate Thr18 of p53 and reduce p53 ubiquitination. This gene, therefore, may regulate cell proliferation. This protein also phosphorylates histone, casein, and the transcription factors ATF2 (activating transcription factor 2) and c-JUN.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: VRK1 vaccinia related kinase 1| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=7443| accessdate = ]

References

Further reading

PBB_Further_reading
citations =
*cite journal | author=Nezu J, Oku A, Jones MH, Shimane M |title=Identification of two novel human putative serine/threonine kinases, VRK1 and VRK2, with structural similarity to vaccinia virus B1R kinase. |journal=Genomics |volume=45 |issue= 2 |pages= 327–31 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9344656 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Sugimoto J, Yamauchi T, Hatakeyama T, Isobe M |title=Isolation and mapping of a polymorphic CA repeat sequence at the human VRK1 locus. |journal=J. Hum. Genet. |volume=44 |issue= 2 |pages= 133–4 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10083742 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Sayed M, Kim SO, Salh BS, "et al." |title=Stress-induced activation of protein kinase CK2 by direct interaction with p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=275 |issue= 22 |pages= 16569–73 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10747897 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M000312200
*cite journal | author=Lopez-Borges S, Lazo PA |title=The human vaccinia-related kinase 1 (VRK1) phosphorylates threonine-18 within the mdm-2 binding site of the p53 tumour suppressor protein. |journal=Oncogene |volume=19 |issue= 32 |pages= 3656–64 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10951572 |doi= 10.1038/sj.onc.1203709
*cite journal | author=Latonen L, Taya Y, Laiho M |title=UV-radiation induces dose-dependent regulation of p53 response and modulates p53-HDM2 interaction in human fibroblasts. |journal=Oncogene |volume=20 |issue= 46 |pages= 6784–93 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11709713 |doi= 10.1038/sj.onc.1204883
*cite journal | author=Barcia R, López-Borges S, Vega FM, Lazo PA |title=Kinetic properties of p53 phosphorylation by the human vaccinia-related kinase 1. |journal=Arch. Biochem. Biophys. |volume=399 |issue= 1 |pages= 1–5 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11883897 |doi= 10.1006/abbi.2001.2746
*cite journal | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, "et al." |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899
*cite journal | author=Nichols RJ, Traktman P |title=Characterization of three paralogous members of the Mammalian vaccinia related kinase family. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=279 |issue= 9 |pages= 7934–46 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14645249 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M310813200
*cite journal | author=Boyle KA, Traktman P |title=Members of a novel family of mammalian protein kinases complement the DNA-negative phenotype of a vaccinia virus ts mutant defective in the B1 kinase. |journal=J. Virol. |volume=78 |issue= 4 |pages= 1992–2005 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14747564 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Sevilla A, Santos CR, Vega FM, Lazo PA |title=Human vaccinia-related kinase 1 (VRK1) activates the ATF2 transcriptional activity by novel phosphorylation on Thr-73 and Ser-62 and cooperates with JNK. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=279 |issue= 26 |pages= 27458–65 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15105425 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M401009200
*cite journal | author=Sevilla A, Santos CR, Barcia R, "et al." |title=c-Jun phosphorylation by the human vaccinia-related kinase 1 (VRK1) and its cooperation with the N-terminal kinase of c-Jun (JNK). |journal=Oncogene |volume=23 |issue= 55 |pages= 8950–8 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15378002 |doi= 10.1038/sj.onc.1208015
*cite journal | author=Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, "et al." |title=The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2121–7 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489334 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2596504
*cite journal | author=Vega FM, Sevilla A, Lazo PA |title=p53 Stabilization and accumulation induced by human vaccinia-related kinase 1. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=24 |issue= 23 |pages= 10366–80 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15542844 |doi= 10.1128/MCB.24.23.10366-10380.2004
*cite journal | author=Andersen JS, Lam YW, Leung AK, "et al." |title=Nucleolar proteome dynamics. |journal=Nature |volume=433 |issue= 7021 |pages= 77–83 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15635413 |doi= 10.1038/nature03207
*cite journal | author=Santos CR, Rodríguez-Pinilla M, Vega FM, "et al." |title=VRK1 signaling pathway in the context of the proliferation phenotype in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. |journal=Mol. Cancer Res. |volume=4 |issue= 3 |pages= 177–85 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16547155 |doi= 10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-05-0212
*cite journal | author=Valbuena A, Vega FM, Blanco S, Lazo PA |title=p53 downregulates its activating vaccinia-related kinase 1, forming a new autoregulatory loop. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=26 |issue= 13 |pages= 4782–93 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16782868 |doi= 10.1128/MCB.00069-06
*cite journal | author=Valbuena A, López-Sánchez I, Vega FM, "et al." |title=Identification of a dominant epitope in human vaccinia-related kinase 1 (VRK1) and detection of different intracellular subpopulations. |journal=Arch. Biochem. Biophys. |volume=465 |issue= 1 |pages= 219–26 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17617371 |doi= 10.1016/j.abb.2007.06.005

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