CES2

Carboxylesterase 2 (intestine, liver), also known as CES2, is a human gene.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: CES2 carboxylesterase 2 (intestine, liver)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=8824| accessdate = ]

PBB_Summary
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summary_text = Carboxylesterase 2 is a member of a large multigene family. The enzymes encoded by these genes are responsible for the hydrolysis of ester- and amide-bond-containing drugs such as cocaine and heroin. They also hydrolize long-chain fatty acid esters and thioesters. The specific function of this enzyme has not yet been determined; however, it is speculated that carboxylesterases may play a role in lipid metabolism and/or the blood-brain barrier system. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: CES2 carboxylesterase 2 (intestine, liver)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=8824| accessdate = ]

References

Further reading

PBB_Further_reading
citations =
*cite journal | author=Maruyama K, Sugano S |title=Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides. |journal=Gene |volume=138 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 171–4 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8125298 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Schwer H, Langmann T, Daig R, "et al." |title=Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel putative carboxylesterase, present in human intestine and liver. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=233 |issue= 1 |pages= 117–20 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9144407 |doi= 10.1006/bbrc.1997.6413
*cite journal | author=Pindel EV, Kedishvili NY, Abraham TL, "et al." |title=Purification and cloning of a broad substrate specificity human liver carboxylesterase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of cocaine and heroin. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=272 |issue= 23 |pages= 14769–75 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9169443 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, "et al." |title=Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library. |journal=Gene |volume=200 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 149–56 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9373149 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Yan B, Matoney L, Yang D |title=Human carboxylesterases in term placentae: enzymatic characterization, molecular cloning and evidence for the existence of multiple forms. |journal=Placenta |volume=20 |issue= 7 |pages= 599–607 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10452915 |doi= 10.1053/plac.1999.0407
*cite journal | author=Hartley JL, Temple GF, Brasch MA |title=DNA cloning using in vitro site-specific recombination. |journal=Genome Res. |volume=10 |issue= 11 |pages= 1788–95 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11076863 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Wiemann S, Weil B, Wellenreuther R, "et al." |title=Toward a catalog of human genes and proteins: sequencing and analysis of 500 novel complete protein coding human cDNAs. |journal=Genome Res. |volume=11 |issue= 3 |pages= 422–35 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11230166 |doi= 10.1101/gr.154701
*cite journal | author=Chagnon P, Michaud J, Mitchell G, "et al." |title=A missense mutation (R565W) in cirhin (FLJ14728) in North American Indian childhood cirrhosis. |journal=Am. J. Hum. Genet. |volume=71 |issue= 6 |pages= 1443–9 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12417987 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, "et al." |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899
*cite journal | author=Saito S, Iida A, Sekine A, "et al." |title=Catalog of 680 variations among eight cytochrome p450 ( CYP) genes, nine esterase genes, and two other genes in the Japanese population. |journal=J. Hum. Genet. |volume=48 |issue= 5 |pages= 249–70 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12721789 |doi= 10.1007/s10038-003-0021-7
*cite journal | author=Wu MH, Chen P, Remo BF, "et al." |title=Characterization of multiple promoters in the human carboxylesterase 2 gene. |journal=Pharmacogenetics |volume=13 |issue= 7 |pages= 425–35 |year= 2004 |pmid= 12835618 |doi= 10.1097/01.fpc.0000054103.48725.db
*cite journal | author=Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, "et al." |title=Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. |journal=Nat. Genet. |volume=36 |issue= 1 |pages= 40–5 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14702039 |doi= 10.1038/ng1285
*cite journal | author=Marsh S, Xiao M, Yu J, "et al." |title=Pharmacogenomic assessment of carboxylesterases 1 and 2. |journal=Genomics |volume=84 |issue= 4 |pages= 661–8 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15475243 |doi= 10.1016/j.ygeno.2004.07.008
*cite journal | author=Wu MH, Chen P, Wu X, "et al." |title=Determination and analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotype structure of the human carboxylesterase 2 gene. |journal=Pharmacogenetics |volume=14 |issue= 9 |pages= 595–605 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15475733 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, "et al." |title=The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2121–7 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489334 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2596504
*cite journal | author=Wiemann S, Arlt D, Huber W, "et al." |title=From ORFeome to biology: a functional genomics pipeline. |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2136–44 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489336 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2576704
*cite journal | author=Charasson V, Bellott R, Meynard D, "et al." |title=Pharmacogenetics of human carboxylesterase 2, an enzyme involved in the activation of irinotecan into SN-38. |journal=Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. |volume=76 |issue= 6 |pages= 528–35 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15592324 |doi= 10.1016/j.clpt.2004.08.007
*cite journal | author=Kim SR, Nakamura T, Saito Y, "et al." |title=Twelve novel single nucleotide polymorphisms in the CES2 gene encoding human carboxylesterase 2 (hCE-2). |journal=Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet. |volume=18 |issue= 5 |pages= 327–32 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15618752 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Fox CA, Sapinoso LM, Zhang H, "et al." |title=Altered expression of TFF-1 and CES-2 in Barrett's Esophagus and associated adenocarcinomas. |journal=Neoplasia |volume=7 |issue= 4 |pages= 407–16 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15967118 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, "et al." |title=Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes. |journal=Genome Res. |volume=16 |issue= 1 |pages= 55–65 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16344560 |doi= 10.1101/gr.4039406

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