PSMD4

Proteasome (prosome, macropain) 26S subunit, non-ATPase, 4, also known as PSMD4, is a human gene.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: PSMD4 proteasome (prosome, macropain) 26S subunit, non-ATPase, 4| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5710| accessdate = ]

PBB_Summary
section_title =
summary_text = The 26S proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex with a highly ordered structure composed of 2 complexes, a 20S core and a 19S regulator. The 20S core is composed of 4 rings of 28 non-identical subunits; 2 rings are composed of 7 alpha subunits and 2 rings are composed of 7 beta subunits. The 19S regulator is composed of a base, which contains 6 ATPase subunits and 2 non-ATPase subunits, and a lid, which contains up to 10 non-ATPase subunits. Proteasomes are distributed throughout eukaryotic cells at a high concentration and cleave peptides in an ATP/ubiquitin-dependent process in a non-lysosomal pathway. An essential function of a modified proteasome, the immunoproteasome, is the processing of class I MHC peptides. This gene encodes one of the non-ATPase subunits of the 19S regulator lid. Pseudogenes have been identified on chromosomes 10 and 21.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: PSMD4 proteasome (prosome, macropain) 26S subunit, non-ATPase, 4| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5710| accessdate = ]

References

Further reading

PBB_Further_reading
citations =
*cite journal | author=Coux O, Tanaka K, Goldberg AL |title=Structure and functions of the 20S and 26S proteasomes. |journal=Annu. Rev. Biochem. |volume=65 |issue= |pages= 801–47 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8811196 |doi= 10.1146/annurev.bi.65.070196.004101
*cite journal | author=Goff SP |title=Death by deamination: a novel host restriction system for HIV-1. |journal=Cell |volume=114 |issue= 3 |pages= 281–3 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12914693 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Lönnroth I, Lange S |title=Purification and characterization of the antisecretory factor: a protein in the central nervous system and in the gut which inhibits intestinal hypersecretion induced by cholera toxin. |journal=Biochim. Biophys. Acta |volume=883 |issue= 1 |pages= 138–44 |year= 1986 |pmid= 3524692 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Johansson E, Lönnroth I, Lange S, "et al." |title=Molecular cloning and expression of a pituitary gland protein modulating intestinal fluid secretion. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=270 |issue= 35 |pages= 20615–20 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7657640 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Ferrell K, Deveraux Q, van Nocker S, Rechsteiner M |title=Molecular cloning and expression of a multiubiquitin chain binding subunit of the human 26S protease. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=381 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 143–8 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8641424 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Seeger M, Ferrell K, Frank R, Dubiel W |title=HIV-1 tat inhibits the 20 S proteasome and its 11 S regulator-mediated activation. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=272 |issue= 13 |pages= 8145–8 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9079628 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Anand G, Yin X, Shahidi AK, "et al." |title=Novel regulation of the helix-loop-helix protein Id1 by S5a, a subunit of the 26 S proteasome. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=272 |issue= 31 |pages= 19140–51 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9235903 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Young P, Deveraux Q, Beal RE, "et al." |title=Characterization of two polyubiquitin binding sites in the 26 S protease subunit 5a. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=273 |issue= 10 |pages= 5461–7 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9488668 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Madani N, Kabat D |title=An endogenous inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus in human lymphocytes is overcome by the viral Vif protein. |journal=J. Virol. |volume=72 |issue= 12 |pages= 10251–5 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9811770 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Simon JH, Gaddis NC, Fouchier RA, Malim MH |title=Evidence for a newly discovered cellular anti-HIV-1 phenotype. |journal=Nat. Med. |volume=4 |issue= 12 |pages= 1397–400 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9846577 |doi= 10.1038/3987
*cite journal | author=Hiyama H, Yokoi M, Masutani C, "et al." |title=Interaction of hHR23 with S5a. The ubiquitin-like domain of hHR23 mediates interaction with S5a subunit of 26 S proteasome. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=274 |issue= 39 |pages= 28019–25 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10488153 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Tateishi K, Misumi Y, Ikehara Y, "et al." |title=Molecular cloning and expression of rat antisecretory factor and its intracellular localization. |journal=Biochem. Cell Biol. |volume=77 |issue= 3 |pages= 223–8 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10505793 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Tanahashi N, Murakami Y, Minami Y, "et al." |title=Hybrid proteasomes. Induction by interferon-gamma and contribution to ATP-dependent proteolysis. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=275 |issue= 19 |pages= 14336–45 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10799514 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Mulder LC, Muesing MA |title=Degradation of HIV-1 integrase by the N-end rule pathway. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=275 |issue= 38 |pages= 29749–53 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10893419 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M004670200
*cite journal | author=Kawahara H, Kasahara M, Nishiyama A, "et al." |title=Developmentally regulated, alternative splicing of the Rpn10 gene generates multiple forms of 26S proteasomes. |journal=EMBO J. |volume=19 |issue= 15 |pages= 4144–53 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10921894 |doi= 10.1093/emboj/19.15.4144
*cite journal | author=Connell P, Ballinger CA, Jiang J, "et al." |title=The co-chaperone CHIP regulates protein triage decisions mediated by heat-shock proteins. |journal=Nat. Cell Biol. |volume=3 |issue= 1 |pages= 93–6 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11146632 |doi= 10.1038/35050618
*cite journal | author=Kamitani T, Kito K, Fukuda-Kamitani T, Yeh ET |title=Targeting of NEDD8 and its conjugates for proteasomal degradation by NUB1. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue= 49 |pages= 46655–60 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11585840 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M108636200
*cite journal | author=Walters KJ, Kleijnen MF, Goh AM, "et al." |title=Structural studies of the interaction between ubiquitin family proteins and proteasome subunit S5a. |journal=Biochemistry |volume=41 |issue= 6 |pages= 1767–77 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11827521 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Sheehy AM, Gaddis NC, Choi JD, Malim MH |title=Isolation of a human gene that inhibits HIV-1 infection and is suppressed by the viral Vif protein. |journal=Nature |volume=418 |issue= 6898 |pages= 646–50 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12167863 |doi= 10.1038/nature00939

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