Black bread mold

Black bread mold

Taxobox


image_caption = Mold can cover a loaf of bread nearly entirely in less than three days
name = Black bread mold
regnum = Fungi| phylum = Zygomycota| classis = Zygomycetes| ordo = Mucorales| familia = Mucoraceae
genus = "Rhizopus"
species = "stolonifer"
binomial = "Rhizopus stolonifer"
binomial_authority = (Ehrenb.: Fr.) Vuill.

"Rhizopus stolonifer" (black bread mold) is a widely distributed Mucoralean mold.

Asexual spores are formed within sporangia, which break to release the spores mature. Germination of these spores forms the haploid hyphae of a new mycelium. "R. stolonifer" grows rapidly at temperatures between 15 and 30 degrees C.

"Rhizopus stolonifer" is a heterotrophic species (Schipper 1984), in that sexual reproduction happens only when opposite mating types (designated + and -) come in contact. Successful mating results in the formation of durable zygospores at the point of contact. Subsequently, the zygospore germinates and forms a sporangiophore whose sporangium contains both + and - haploid spores.

There are three varieties: "R. stolonifer" var. "stolonifer" produces straight, erect sporangiophores, whereas those of "R. stolonifer" var. "lyococcos" are curved Schipper, M. A. A. 1984. A revision of the genus "Rhizopus". I. The Rh. stolonifer-group and Rh. oryzae. CBS Studies in Mycology 25:1-19.] . A closely related species, "Rhizopus sexualis", differs primarily in being homothallic (self-compatible).

Distribution and habitat

"Rhizopus stolonifer" has a pandemic distribution. It is also a type of threadlike mold. It is capable of causing opportunistic infections of humans (zygomycosis). It is most commonly found growing on bread and soft fruits such as bananas and grapes. Because its spores are common in the air, it can be grown within a few days by keeping moistened pieces of bread in an enclosed, humid environment.

References

External links

* [http://blog.mycology.cornell.edu/?p=167 Time lapse video of "Rhizopus stolonifer" attacking strawberries] at the Cornell Mushroom Blog.


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужен реферат?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • bread mold — bread′ mold n. mcr any fungus of the family Mucoraceae, esp. Rhizopus nigricans, that forms a black furry coating on foodstuffs …   From formal English to slang

  • bread mold — noun a mold of the genus Rhizopus • Syn: ↑Rhizopus nigricans • Hypernyms: ↑rhizopus • Member Holonyms: ↑genus Rhizopus * * * noun : a mold of the family Mucoraceae (especially …   Useful english dictionary

  • bread mold — any fungus of the family Mucoraceae, esp. Rhizopus nigricans, that forms a black, furry coating on foodstuffs. Also called black mold. [1920 25] * * * …   Universalium

  • black mold. — See bread mold. * * * …   Universalium

  • black mold. — See bread mold …   Useful english dictionary

  • black mold — noun 1. : a mold or fungus like a mold with dark mycelium or spores: as a. : a fungus of the order Mucorales; especially : the common bread mold (Rhizopus stolonifer) compare mold V b …   Useful english dictionary

  • Black rice — as sold in China For the Valencian dish, see Arroz negro. Black rice is a kind of sticky rice which is one of several black colored heirloom plants producing rice variants such as Indonesian black rice and Thai Jasmine Black Rice. Black rice is… …   Wikipedia

  • Fungus — Fungi redirects here. You may be looking for Fungi (music) or Fungus (XM). Fungi Temporal range: Early Devonian–Recent (but see text) …   Wikipedia

  • Zygomycota — Taxobox image caption = Sporangium of a Phycomyces sp. name = Zygomycota regnum = Fungi divisio = Zygomycota divisio authority = Moreau 1954 (technically invalid) classis = Zygomycetes subdivision ranks = Orders subdivision = Dimargaritales… …   Wikipedia

  • fungus — fungic /fun jik/, adj. funguslike, adj. /fung geuhs/, n., pl. fungi /fun juy, fung guy/, funguses, adj. n. 1. any of a diverse group of eukaryotic single celled or multinucleate organisms that live by decomposing and absorbing the organic… …   Universalium

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
https://en-academic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/820192 Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”