José Policarpo

Cardinal of Catholic Church
name=José Cardinal da Cruz Policarpo


explanation=
title=title
Cardinal Priest of St. Anthony in Campo Marzio, Patriarch of Lisbon
roll=
born=26 February 1936 in Alvorninha, Caldas da Rainha, Portugal
ordinaited=15 August 1961
consecrated=26 May 1978
proclamated=21 February 2001 by pope John Paul II
coat of arms=Blason Cardinal Policarpo.jpg
motto="Per Obedientiam ad Libertatem "

infobox cardinalstyles
cardinal name=José Cardinal da Cruz Policarpo
dipstyle=His Eminence
offstyle=Your Eminence
See=Lisbon|

José Cardinal da Cruz Policarpo is the Cardinal Patriarch of Lisbon in the Roman Catholic Church. Policarpo holds a doctorate in theology from the Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome.

Early life

He was born on 26 February 1936 in Alvorninha, Caldas da Rainha, Portugal, the first of nine children of José Policarpo, Jr. (Caldas da Rainha, Alvorninha, Pego, April 18, 1902 – Lisbon, Odivelas, October 20, 1987) and wife (m. Caldas da Rainha, Alvorninha, January 26, 1935) Maria Gertrudes Rosa (Alcobaça, Benedita, October 17, 1909 – Caldas da Rainha, Alvorninha, September 6, 1994), and ordained a priest on 15 August 1961 in Lisbon by Manuel Cardinal Cerejeira.

Early career

Policarpo was director of the seminary in Penafirme, rector of the seminary in Olivais and dean of the Theological Faculty of the Portuguese Catholic University. He later served two terms as rector of the same university (1988-96) and is the author of a number of books and scholarly articles.

Appointed bishop

On 26 May 1978 Policarpo was appointed titular bishop of Caliabria and auxiliary bishop of Lisbon, receiving episcopal ordination on 29 June. On 5 March 1997 he was appointed Coadjuctor Archbishop of Lisbon and succeeded Cardinal António Ribeiro as Patriarch on 24 March 1998. Cardinal Policarpo is also Grand Chancellor of the Portuguese Catholic University and he was President of the Portuguese Episcopal Conference.

Cardinalate

He was created and proclaimed Cardinal by Pope John Paul II in the consistory of 21 February 2001, as Cardinal-Priest of "Sant'Antonio in Campo Marzio" (St. Anthony in the Field of Mars). Cardinal da Cruz Policarpo is a member of the Congregation for Catholic Education, Pontifical Council for the Laity, and Pontifical Council for Culture in the Roman Curia.

Upon the death of Pope John Paul II in 2005, Policarpo was considered to be "papabile" - a possible successor to the papacy. On April 11, 2005, British newspaper "The Guardian" considered him to be "a dark-horse candidate for pope, capable of bridging the divide between the Europeans and the Latin American Roman Catholic cardinals". He would have been the first cigarette smoking Pope and the second from Portugal, after John XXI. The 2005 papal conclave, in which he participated as a cardinal elector, ultimately elected Pope Benedict XVI.

Ecumenical dialogue and controversies

The Cardinal made some noted ecumenical statements at an interfaith event with young people. Sister Lucy of Fatima said "there is only one God who deserves our adoration, the other divinities are nothing, are worth nothing and can do nothing for us." The Cardinal stated of this view, "But, my boy, such a vision is outmoded. What are those divinities Sister Lucy is talking about? We Christians, Muslims, Jews, we all have the same God." Later adding "Each religion has something to teach you. Experience of other religions is very important, we've got a lot to learn from them." On a question about contradictions between Islam and Christianity he was apparently uncomfortable so largely ducked the issue. His refusal to excommunicate those who called themselves Catholics and who openly supported legalization of abortion was also criticized by many pro-life Catholics for being one the main reasons of the legalization of abortion in Portugal, in April 2007.fact|date=October 2007

See also

* College of Cardinals
* List of Cardinals from Portugal