Shed Studios

Shed Studios was responsible for the production of hundreds of band recordings and a large body of music used for various advertisements and films in Rhodesia, and later in Zimbabwe, from 1975 till 2000 . The company "Shed Recording Studios (Pvt) Ltd (now defunct) began as a collaboration between Steve Roskilly, Martin Norris and Neil Thain, all employees of Rhodesia Television, in 1975 in Salisbury, Rhodesia.

The beginning

Initially housed in a converted caravan, the first studio was based on a half inch 8 track Itam 805 tape recorder and series 2 Soundcraft 12 : 2 mixer. Mastering onto a Revox A77. This outfit learned its trade by making a series of live recordings at various music venues, but soon found that the caravan was a restriction and a proper studio essential for progress.

The equipment was set up in one of Blackberry Productions' radio studios, and the company started making advertising jingles, children's story records, and a few private band recordings. As the advertising work increased, the partners lost Neil Thain, who moved to Johannesburg, and in 1979 the business moved into a purpose built professional studio premises on the 4th floor of Park House, Park Street. With convert|4000|sqft|m2|abbr=on available, these were comparatively large studios, comprising 20 x convert|20|ft|m|abbr=on control rooms and 40 x convert|25|ft|m|sing=on live rooms. Its first recordings were for the folk singer and advertising Creative Director Clem Tholet. Clem's album "Songs of Love and War" was a chronicle of his early life. Clem Tholet became a good friend of the studios and brought a significant body of advertising work to it in the following years, as well as numerous privately produced singles, albums and film tracks.

The studios by now were called simply Shed Studios. Martin Norris and Steve Roskilly then set about offering free studio production time to deserving artists in return for a percentage of any resultant incomes. A publishing company Shed Music (Pvt) Ltd was created to deal with the music rights. In 1980, as the country became Zimbabwe, success was had with predominantly 2 artists : David Scobie and The Bhundu Boys, though many others became household names.

Roskilly originally asked David Scobie, a 14 year old with a Neil Diamond sound-alike voice, to sing on an advertising jingle. The jingle, commissioned by Nick Alexander, won an award for best jingle. Martin Norris wrote a song called "Gypsey Girl" for Scobie to record. The released single shot straight up the record sales charts knocking Michael Jackson's "Thriller" off the coveted No 1 position. It was in the charts for 25 weeks, 9 of which were at No 1 position. Subsequently it peaked at No 5 in the South African charts, remaining for 19 weeks. [http://www.rhodiemusic.com/Chart%20facts.htm] Despite further singles and several albums, David's career didn't take off any further. When he left school, however, he joined Shed Studios as a trainee engineer, became a director, and finally left to start his own studio "Eibocs".

Meanwhile The Bhundu Boys were also having some success. [cite book
title=Nationalists, Cosmopolitans, and Popular Music in Zimbabwe
author=Thomas Turino
year=2000
publisher=University of Chicago Press
isbn=0226817024
url=http://books.google.com/books?id=g6oDmrluPZ4C&pg=PA232&lpg=PA232&dq=shed+studios+harare&source=web&ots=P3ZA45cjY-&sig=8VoV4ppLAgBC2wnOSul0v_nX6Rw]

hed record label

The "Shed" record label was launched and vinyl was pressed under licence by Gramma Records in Zimbabwe. There were a succession of hit songs and 2 albums. In 1985 the studios were approached by Owen Elias of Discafrique Records in he UK to release a selection of African band music. A compilation of The Bhundu Boys and African Herb, an offshoot of Thomas Mapfumo's band, was released, and resulted in interest by the radio DJs John Peel, [cite book
title=The Cambridge History of Twentieth-Century Music
author=Nicholas Cook, Anthony Pople
year=2004
publisher=Cambridge University Press
isbn=0521662567
url=http://books.google.com/books?id=g3NweXtHo7wC&pg=PA620&dq=bhundu+peel&sig=GBeewplQsssueSiG6AXOyM-ESLA] Andy Kershaw and Charlie Gillet. Shed responded in 1986 by licensing a compilation of Zimbabwean Bhundu Boys hits to Discafrique called "Shabhini", which took the UK world music public by storm. To the studio's disappointment, the band pulled out of the final months of their Shed contract when they were signed by Warner Bros.. A final compilation of Shed recordings was released by Discafrique called "Tsvimbodzemoto", which also sold well, but that was the end of the recording careers of The Bhundu Boys at Shed Studios.

Independence celebrations

Back in 1981 Shed Studios was commissioned by the Zimbabwe Government to provide live sound for the first Independence Celebrations at Rufaro Stadium. With no PA system available in Harare, Roskilly was sent to London with a government minder in tow to buy the relevant necessary PA equipment. The gear was duly delivered to the stadium and the celebrations went ahead as planned. Subsequently, the Parliamentary Public Accounts Committee pronounced that the government had not purchased the PA system in the laid down method, but Shed Studios was not held accountable.

Also in 1981, Shed's session drummer Bothwell Nyamhondera joined the company to become a studio engineer, as a second studio was opened at Park Street. Steve Hughes invested some capital to assist this move, and became a director alongside Roskilly and Norris, managing disc releases. Bothwell's talents soon saw him the engineer of choice for the local record companies Gramma and [Gallo (later ZMC) and so when Martin Norris left for a new life in Brisbane in 1983, whilst Hughes left for South Africa, Roskilly sold all the studio equpment to Gramma in order to pay off their shareholding, and Bothwell Nyamhondera was taken on by Gramma directly as their new engineer.

Roskilly, as Shed Studios, managed the new Gramma studios in return for a reduced studio hire rate, and continued to produce advertising jingles and film tracks. Business flourished, and as Scobie joined as trainee engineer, so did Henry Peters - another Bassist. As a threesome therefore the business continued to grow, and the studios developed to MCI 24 track capability.

In 1987, Andy Zweck from Harvey Goldsmith Productions in London, and Neil Dunn, a friend of Roskilly’s, brought the offer of becoming promoter for a pair of upcoming concerts for Paul Simon. The African Concerts were to be filmed as a promotional tool for the release of the “Graceland” album. [cite book
title=Nightsong
author=Veit Erlmann, Joseph Shabalala
year=1996
publisher=University of Chicago Press
isbn=0226217213
url=http://books.google.com/books?id=FcNIuMDsEV8C&pg=PA309&dq=Graceland+concert+harare&sig=lysKD6gziinffcvYM3rXCByvvF0] The project went ahead as planned and saw Roskilly acting as Technical Manager for a series of further concerts including for Bruce Springsteen, Tracy Chapman, Sting, Youssou N’Dour, Peter Gabriel, UB40, Eric Clapton, and Randy Crawford until 1989 when such concerts were then able to be performed instead in South Africa.

In 1989, the company pulled out of the Gramma building and constructed 3 studios in the basement of 123 Robert Mugabe Way. A Fostex B16 half inch 16 track and A & H Saber mixer handled studio 1 band recordings, a C Lab Notator sequencing system with Soundscape SSHDR-1 harddisc recorder and A & H series 8 mixer handled the ad industry music in studio 2, and sponsored radio programmes were recorded by Cherry Productions in Studio 3, based on Revox recorders. During the move, Scobie pulled away to set up his own studio and Peters left for Germany. Two new shareholders came aboard in the shape of Benny Miller, Thomas Mapfumo's preferred engineer, and briefly, Peter vanDeventer.

This was really the golden age of the studios. Benny Miller did many band recordings in studio 1 including some classic Mapfumo tracks [ [http://www.leopardmannen.no/m/mapfumo.thomas.asp Thomas Mapfumo (The Leopard Man's African Music Guide) ] ] and Kelly Rusike, another outstanding bassist, became engineer in 1990, handling the regular record company band sessions. Roskilly composed, performed and operated in studio 2, and Sally Donaldson and Hilton Mambo operated Studio 3 as Cherry Productions. When Bud Cockcroft put up some money to develop studio one to a Fostex G16, Shed gained another shareholder and longterm director. This was the setup for the next 5 years.

In 1995, Roskilly started an offshoot called Prosound, which was to become a live sound company. It took him away from the studios, and so Studio Engineer Kelly Rusike took over more of the computer work.

In 1996, Shed hosted a gap year student from Britain Chris Martin. Martin was nephew to a friend of Roskilly. They operated and developed the new PA company for about 6 months, when Martin went away to university and then founded the supergroup Coldplay.

Andrew McClymont replaced Chris Martin in 1997, as Prosound became Pro-Active Audio, becoming hire manager, and that company took off, handling sound services for the World Council of Churches' 8th Assembly in 1998, led by general secretary Konrad Raiser.

Just prior to this event, Steve Roskilly bought a run down ex farmhouse in Harare’s Greendale district, on a convert|2|acre|m2|sing=on plot. The main house was converted to offices and PA storage, the cottage converted to 2 studios and a ervice area, and surroundings planted to provide a peaceful setting for some serious chillout for recording bands.

In early 2000 however, Steve Roskilly saw a downturn in the advertising and disc business due to foreign currency cutbacks in the country, and the politically motivated farm invasions began in earnest. For Roskilly, the writing was on the wall, and he rapidly set about moving out of the country and back to UK where he currently manages CSS in Cheltenham, a sound and lighting hire company.

Shed Productions, the jingle operations company was sold to Kelly Rusike, Shed Recording Studios which owned all the equipment was sold to Keith Farquharson, and Roskilly Enterprises which owned the premises was eventually sold to a new record company. Shed Music, the publishing company was retained by Roskilly.

Shed Studios was a pioneer in the development of the music industry in Zimbabwe, taking its place on the Zimbabwe Music Industry Association board, [ [http://www.ucm.es/BUCM/compludoc/W/10206/00141836_1.htm Ethnomusicology, 2002; 46 (2) ] ] and as chair of the Production House Association of Zimbabwe. From 1975 to 2000, its activities saw substantial competition from many other music studios and production houses, of which none survived. As an independent production company it was an essential tool for emerging bands in the 80s and 90s, where contractual relationships with the record companies was not an option.

References

List of record labels starting with S