Calophyllum

Taxobox
name = "Calophyllum"

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image_caption = flower of Alexandrian Laurel ("Calophyllum inophyllum")
regnum = Plantae
divisio = Magnoliophyta
classis = Magnoliopsida
ordo = Malpighiales
familia = Clusiaceae
subfamilia = Kielmeyeroideae
tribus = Calophylleae
genus = "Calophyllum"
genus_authority = L.
subdivision_ranks = Species
subdivision = "Calophyllum acutiputamen" "Calophyllum austroindicum" "Calophyllum bicolor" "Calophyllum bifurcatum" "Calophyllum biflorum" "Calophyllum blancoi" "Calophyllum bracteatum" "Calophyllum brasiliense" "Calophyllum brassii" "Calophyllum calaba" "Calophyllum caledonicum" "Calophyllum candidissimum" "Calophyllum canum" "Calophyllum caudatum" "Calophyllum chapelieri" "Calophyllum collinum" "Calophyllum confusum" "Calophyllum cordato-oblongum" "Calophyllum costatum" "Calophyllum cuneifolium" "Calophyllum dasypodum" "Calophyllum donatianum" "Calophyllum elatum" "Calophyllum euryphyllum" "Calophyllum exiticostatum" "Calophyllum ferrugineum" "Calophyllum flavo-ramulum" "Calophyllum floribundum" "Calophyllum fraseri" "Calophyllum garcinioides" "Calophyllum goniocarpum" "Calophyllum griseum" "Calophyllum havilandii" "Calophyllum heterophyllum" "Calophyllum hirasimum" "Calophyllum inophyllum" "Calophyllum insularum" "Calophyllum laticostatum" "Calophyllum leleanii" "Calophyllum longifolium" "Calophyllum lucidum" "Calophyllum macrophyllum" "Calophyllum molle" "Calophyllum mooni" "Calophyllum morobense" "Calophyllum neo-ebudicum" "Calophyllum novoguineense" "Calophyllum nubicola" "Calophyllum obscurum" "Calophyllum papuanum" "Calophyllum parvifolium" "Calophyllum pauciflorum" "Calophyllum peekelii" "Calophyllum persimile" "Calophyllum piluliferum" "Calophyllum pisiferum" "Calophyllum pulcherrimum" "Calophyllum retusum" "Calophyllum rigidum" "Calophyllum robustum" "Calophyllum rufinerve" "Calophyllum savannarum" "Calophyllum scriblitifolium" "Calophyllum sil" "Calophyllum soulattri" "Calophyllum streimannii" "Calophyllum sundaicum" "Calophyllum symingtonianum" "Calophyllum tahanense" "Calophyllum tetrapterum" "Calophyllum teysmannii" "Calophyllum thwaitesii" "Calophyllum tomentosum" "Calophyllum trapezifolium" "Calophyllum vexans" "Calophyllum vitiense" "Calophyllum waliense" "Calophyllum walkeri" "Calophyllum wallichianum" "Calophyllum woodii"

"Calophyllum" ("beautiful leaf", from Greek "kalos", "beautiful", and "phullon", "leaf") is a plant genus of around 180-200 species of tropical evergreen trees in the family Clusiaceae. Its members are native to Australasia, Madagascar, Eastern Africa, South and Southeast Asia, the Pacific islands, the West Indies and Latin America. The common names, as well as commercial names, for these trees are:
*teitai (in Kiribati),
*Feta'u (in Tonga), [ [http://www.agroforestry.net/tti/Calophyllum-kamani.pdf Species Profiles for Pacific Island Agroforestry] ]
*Bintangor tree (in Malaysia) and
*Poon tree (in India),
*Guanandi, Jacareuba or Santa Maria (in Latin America). For medicinal (folk medicine and ethnopharmacology) uses of leaves, oil from nuts and crost balsam,what? for HIV and AIDS, see calanolide A and calanolide B, [ [http://home.ncifcrf.gov/mtdp/Catalog/abstract/abs172.html The calanolides, a novel HIV-inhibitory class of coumarin derivatives from the tropical rainforest tree, Calophyllum lanigerum] - National Cancer Institute. Retrieved on May 7, 2008] Jacareubin, [ [http://www.rsc.org/Publishing/Journals/J3/article.asp?doi=J39660000175 Studies in the xanthone series. Part VIII. An unambiguous synthesis of jacareubin] - www.rsc.org. Retrieved on May 7, 2008] Tamanu oil, [ [http://www.drugs.com/npp/tamanu-oil.html Tamanu oil] - www.drugs.com. Retrieved on May 7, 2008] and Calophyllic acid. [ [http://www.wipo.int/pctdb/en/wo.jsp?WO=1994014789&IA=WO1994014789&DISPLAY=DESC (WO/1994/014789) COUMARIN DERIVATIVES AS RETROVIRAL INHIBITORS] WIPO - www.wipo.int. Retrieved on May 7. 2008] For medicinal use from their resin, see tacamahac.

Habitat

These species grow in a wide number of habitats, from ridges in mountain forests to coastal swamps, lowland forest and even coral cays. They are large hardwoods, attaining 30 m in height and 0.8 m in diameter. It presents shiny and leathery leaves. The tree bark is grey or white and decorticates in large thin strips. The wood is light in weight, the heartwood pink-red, or almost brown, while the sapwood varies from species to species, often from yellow, brown (often with pink tints) to orange. Species occurring in Papua New Guinea are often buttressed.

Uses

Several species have been found to contain naturally occurring calanolides in various quantities.what?

The lightweight hardwood of these species is used in boatmaking for masts and spars, as well as in luxury furniture and flooring.

ymbolism

The Calophyllum is a national symbol of the Pacific nation of Nauru, appearing on the national coat of arms.

ee also

* Coat of arms of Nauru

References