Dihydroxy-acid dehydratase

dihydroxy-acid dehydratase
Identifiers
EC number	4.2.1.9
CAS number	9024-32-2
Databases
IntEnz	IntEnz view
BRENDA	BRENDA entry
ExPASy	NiceZyme view
KEGG	KEGG entry
MetaCyc	metabolic pathway
PRIAM	profile
PDB structures	RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Gene Ontology	AmiGO / EGO
Search PMC articles PubMed articles

In enzymology, a dihydroxy-acid dehydratase (EC 4.2.1.9) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate $\rightleftharpoons$ 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + H₂O

Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, 2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate, and two products, 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate and H₂O.

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the hydro-lyases, which cleave carbon-oxygen bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate hydro-lyase (3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate-forming). Other names in common use include acetohydroxyacid dehydratase, alpha,beta-dihydroxyacid dehydratase, 2,3-dihydroxyisovalerate dehydratase, alpha,beta-dihydroxyisovalerate dehydratase, dihydroxy acid dehydrase, DHAD, and 2,3-dihydroxy-acid hydro-lyase. This enzyme participates in valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis and pantothenate and coa biosynthesis.

References

• KANAMORI M, WIXOM RL (1963). "Studies in valine biosynthesis. V. Characteristics of the purified dihydroxyacid dehydratase from spinach leaves". J. Biol. Chem. 238: 998–1005. PMID 14030545. 
• MYERS JW (1961). "Dihydroxy acid dehydrase: an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of isoleucine and valine". J. Biol. Chem. 236: 1414–8. PMID 13727223. 

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