Skylon (tower)

The Skylon was a futuristic-looking, slender, vertical, cigar-shaped steel tensegrity structure, that apparently floated above the ground, built in 1951 for the Festival of Britain.

A popular joke of the period was that, like the British economy of 1951, "It had no visible means of support".cite web
title=The Reunion - Festival of Britain
url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/history/reunion/reunion5.shtml
publisher=BBC Radio 4]

Construction

The Skylon was the “Vertical Feature” that was an abiding symbol of the Festival of Britain. It was designed by Hidalgo Moya, Philip Powell and Felix Samuely, and fabricated by Painter Brothers of Hereford, England, on London's South Bank between Westminster Bridge and Hungerford Bridge. The Skylon consisted of a steel latticework frame, pointed at both ends and supported on cables slung between three steel beams. The partially constructed Skylon was rigged vertically, then grew taller in situ.cite web
title=The Skylon in construction
url=http://www.museumoflondon.org.uk/archive/exhibits/fob/hgrant.html
author=Henry Grant
publisher=Museum of London
format=photo] The architects' design was made structurally feasible by the engineer Felix Samuely who, at the time, was a lecturer at the Architectural Association School of Architecture in Bedford Square, Bloomsbury. The base was nearly 15 metres (50 feet) from the ground, with the top nearly 90 metres (300 feet) high. The frame was clad in aluminium louvres lit from within at night. Both the name and form of the Skylon perhaps referred back to the Trylon feature of the 1939 World's Fair. Mrs A G S Fidler, wife of the chief architect of the Crawley Development Corporation, suggested the name and said she derived it from skyhook and nylon.

A few days before the King and Queen visited the exhibition in May 1951, Skylon was climbed at midnight by student Philip Gurdon from Birkbeck College who attached a University of London Air Squadron scarf near the top. An unfortunate workman was sent up a few days later to collect it.

Questions were asked in Parliament regarding the danger to visitors from lightning-strikes to the Skylon, and the papers reported that it was duly roped off at one point, in anticipation of a forecast thunderstorm.

Demolition

In spite of its popularity with the public, the cost of dismantling and re-erecting the Skylon elsewhere (£30,000) was deemed too much for a government [The Labour Party who had been in government since July 1945, lost the general election in October 1951.] struggling with Post-War austerity. Skylon was scrapped in 1952 on the orders of Winston Churchill, who saw it a symbol of the preceding Labour Government, [ [http://www.skyscrapernews.com/buildings.php?id=3805 Skyscraper news] ,] when the rest of the exhibition was dismantled; it was toppled into the Thames, cut into pieces and apparently turned into ashtrays.Fact|date=October 2008

The former location of the Skylon is the riverside promenade between the London Eye and Hungerford Bridge, alongside the Jubilee Gardens (the former site of the Dome of Discovery). A new connection to the original Skylon was formed in May 2007 when D&D London (formerly Conran Restaurants) opened a new restaurant named Skylon on the third floor of the Royal Festival Hall, within metres of the location of the original.

ee also

* Tensegrity
* Dome of Discovery
* Skylon Tower which overlooks Niagara Falls
* Reaction Engines Skylon spaceplane that was named after, and looks somewhat similar to the tower

References

* Articles from "The Times" between 1951 and 1952

External links

* [http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/search/skylon Search for Skylon] in Hansard archive
* [http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0,3604,1182318,00.html Skylon spire may return to London skyline (Guardian)]
* [http://whitstablepier.com/fob/skylon.htm The Skylon]
* [http://www.museumoflondon.org.uk/archive/exhibits/festival/list_details.asp?key=546201&rtn=ob%3D%26ob_s%3Dany%26pr%3D%26pr_s%3Dany%26de%3DSkylon%2520%26de_s%3Dany%26num%3D10%26firstob%3D1%26sortby%3D1 Museum of London] Wide angled lens view of the tower from the ground.
* http://www.gleeds.tv Interview with Architect Jack Pringle who is heading up the current campaign to rebuild the Skylon