Sodium acetrizoate

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IUPAC_name = sodium 3-acetamido-2,4,6-triiodobenzoate

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width = 150
CAS_number = 129-63-5
ATC_prefix = V08
ATC_suffix = AA07
PubChem = 8517
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C = 9 | H = 5 | I = 3 | N = 1 | Na = 1 | O = 3
molecular_weight = 578.844 g/mol
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Sodium acetrizoate (rINN, trade names Urokon, Triurol and Salpix), the sodium salt of acetrizoic acid, is a high-osmolality, water-soluble, iodine-based radiographic contrast medium no longer in clinical use. [cite web | url = http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?acetrizoate+sodium | title = Acetrizoate sodium | date = March 5 2000 | accessdate = 2007-11-14 | publisher = University of Newcastle upon Tyne | work = Online Medical Dictionary]

Acetrizoate was developed by V.H. Wallingford of Mallinckrodt, and introduced in 1950;cite journal |author=McClennan BL |title=Preston M. Hickey memorial lecture. Ionic and nonionic iodinated contrast media: evolution and strategies for use |journal=AJR. American journal of roentgenology |volume=155 |issue=2 |pages=225–33 |year=1990 |pmid=2115244 |doi=] it was employed as a contrast agent for several radiographic studies, including pyelography, [cite journal |author=NESBIT RM, LAPIDES J |title=Preliminary report on urokon, a new excretory pyelographic medium |journal=J Urol |volume=63 |issue=6 |pages=1109–12 |year=1950 |pmid=15422724 |doi=] [cite journal |author=EYLER WR, DREW DR, BOHNE AW |title=A comparative clinical trial of urographic media: renografin, hypaque, and urokon |journal=Radiology |volume=66 |issue=6 |pages=871–3 |year=1956 |pmid=13323329 |doi=] angiography of the brain, carotid arteries and the aorta, [cite journal |author=LIU P, MURTAGH F, WYCIS HT, SCOTT M |title=Report of one hundred carotid angiograms taken with the new contrast medium acetrizoate (urokon) on Chamberlain's biplane stereoscopic angiographic unit |journal=A. M. A. archives of neurology and psychiatry |volume=69 |issue=5 |pages=651–2 |year=1953 |pmid=13039633 |doi=] [cite journal |author=SEAMAN WB, SCHWARTZ HG |title=Cerebral arteriography with sodium acetrizoate (urokon sodium) 30% |journal=A.M.A. archives of surgery |volume=67 |issue=5 |pages=741–5 |year=1953 |pmid=13103941 |doi=] and cholecystography. [cite journal |author=ORLOFF TL |title=Intravenous cholecystography with a new medium; experience with sodium acetrizoate (urokon sodium) seventy per cent |journal=A.M.A. archives of surgery |volume=71 |issue=4 |pages=620–2 |year=1955 |pmid=13258064 |doi=] [cite journal |author=WOOLLEY IM, KEIZUR LW, MAYERHARNISCH G |title=Gallbladder visualization following the use of 70 per cent sodium acetrizoate (urokon sodium) for intravenous pyelography |journal=Radiology |volume=69 |issue=4 |pages=576–7 |year=1957 |pmid=13485425 |doi=] It was soon found to be highly toxic to the kidneys and nervous system—work urging caution in its administration was published as early as 1959, [cite journal |author=LANCE EM, KILLEN DA, SCOTT HW |title=A plea for caution in the use of sodium acetrizoate (urokon) for aortography |journal=Ann Surg |volume=150 |issue=1 |pages=172 |year=1959 |pmid=13661846 |doi= PMC|1613496] after reports of adverse reactions ranging from hypersensitivity to brain damage—and was eventually replaced by other agents with higher efficacy and lower toxicity, such as sodium diatrizoate, a closely related compound.

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