Sant'Anna di Stazzema massacre

Sant'Anna di Stazzema massacre

The Sant'Anna di Stazzema massacre was a World War II in the village of Sant'Anna di Stazzema, Italy. On August 12 1944, retreating SS-men of the II Battallion of SS-Panzergrenadier-Regiment 35 of 16th SS Panzergrenadier Division "Reichsführer-SS", commanded by "SS-Hauptsturmführer" Anton Galler, rounded up 560 villagers and refugees — mostly women, children and older men — shot them and then burned their bodies. In the aftermath of the , the village was only partially rebuilt and stands today as a memorial.

2004 trial

Until 2004, no one had ever been prosecuted for the massacre. In July 2004, a trial commenced before a military court in La Spezia against ten former SS officers and NCOs living in Germany. On June 22, 2005, the Italian military court found the ten former Waffen-SS members guilty of participation in the massacre. They were sentenced "in absentia" to life imprisonment.

* Werner Bruss, 1920 (former "SS-Unterscharführer")
* Alfred Concina, born 1919 (former "SS-Unterscharführer')
* Ludwig Goering, born 1923, former "SS-Rottenführer"
* Karl Gropler, born 1923 (former "SS-Unterscharführer')
* Georg Rauch, born 1921 ( former "SS-Untersturmführer")
* Horst Richter, born 1921 (former "SS-Unterscharführer")
* Alfred Schoneberg, born 1921 (former "SS-Unterscharführer')
* Heinrich Schendel, born 1922 (former "SS-Unterscharführer')
* Gerhard Sommer, born 1921 (former "SS-Untersturmführer"
* Ludwig Heinrich Sonntag, born 1924 (former "SS-Unterscharführer')

There have been several other trials since 2002 concerning German war crimes in Italy (e.g. on October 10, 2006, Max Josef Milde was convicted for his role in the Civitella massacre).

ee also

* Italian Campaign (World War II)
* Marzabotto massacre
*"Miracle at St. Anna", a novel by James McBride and a film by Spike Lee loosely based on the incident

Further reading

*US NARA, Record Group 153, Judge Advocate General, War Crimes Branch, Cases filed 1944-1949, Location: 270/1/25/3-4, Entry 143, Box 527, Case 16-62 (Santa Anna).
*US NARA, RG 238, Office of the Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, Location: 190/10/34/25, Entry 2, Box 10, Case 16-62 (Santa Anna).
*Claudia Buratti/Giovanni Cipollini, Vite bruciate. La strage di Sant’Anna di Stazzema 1944-2005, Rome, 2006.
*Carlo Gentile, Politische Soldaten. Die 16. SS-Panzer-Grenadier-Division „Reichsführer-SS“ in Italien 1944, in: „Quellen und Forschungen aus italienischen Archiven und Bibliotheken“, 81, 2001, pp. 529-561.
*Carlo Gentile, Sant’Anna di Stazzema, in: Gerd R. Ueberschär (ed.), Orte des Grauens. Verbrechen im Zweiten Weltkrieg, Darmstadt, 2003, pp. 231-236.
*Carlo Gentile, Le SS di Sant’Anna di Stazzema: azioni, motivazioni e profilo di una unità nazista, in: Marco Palla (ed.), Tra storia e memoria. 12 agosto 1944: la strage di Sant’Anna di Stazzema, Rome, 2003, pp. 86-117.

External links

* [http://www.dw-world.de/english/0,3367,1432_A_1296389_1_A,00.html?mpb=en "A Day of Shame" for Germany] "Deutsche Welle", 12.08.2004


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