Win-Stay, Lose-Switch

Win-Stay, Lose-Switch

In psychology, game theory, statistics, and machine learning, Win-Stay, Lose-Switch (also Win-Stay, Lose-Shift) is a learning strategy used to model learning in decision situations. It was first invented as an improvement over randomization in bandit problems.Robbins, H. (1952). Some aspects of the sequential design of experiments. "Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society" 58, 527–535.] It was later applied to the prisoner's dilemma in order to model the evolution of altruism.Nowak, M. and K. Sigmund (1993, July 1). A strategy of win-stay, lose-shift that outperforms tit-for-tat in the Prisoner’s Dilemma game. "Nature" 364, 56–58.]

The learning rule bases its decision only on the outcome of the previous play. Outcomes are divided into successes (wins) and failures (loses). If the play on the previous round resulted in a success, then the agent plays the same strategy on the next round. Alternatively, if the play resulted in a failure the agent switches to another action.

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