- Chitrakuta
Infobox Indian Jurisdiction
native_name = Chitrakuta | type = city | latd = 24.58 | longd = 80.83
state_name = Madhya Pradesh
district = Satna
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population_as_of = 2001
population_total = 22,294| population_density =
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footnotes =Chitrakuta (
IAST : Chitrakūta,Sanskrit : चित्रकूट) (also spelt Chitrakoot) is a town and anagar panchayat inSatna district in the state ofMadhya Pradesh ,India .It is a town of religious, cultural, historical and archaeological importance, situated in theBundelkhand region, borderingChitrakoot district inUttar Pradesh ,India .Chitrakoot Dham (Karwi) is a nearby town. It is known for a number of temples and sites mentioned inHindu mythology .Many people gather here on each
Amavasya . Somwati Amavasyas,Deepawali , Sharad-Poornima,Makar Sankranti andRamanavami are special occasions for such gatherings and celebrations. It attracts crowds throughout the year including above occasions and for Free Eye Hospital Camps. Noted 'Ayurvedic ' and 'Yoga ' centres like 'Arogyadham' are located in Chitrakuta.Geography
Chitrakuta means the 'Hill of many wonders'. Chitrakuta falls in the northern
Vindhya range of mountains spread over the states ofUttar Pradesh andMadhya Pradesh . The Chitrakuta region is included in the District Chitrakuta of Uttar Pradesh and the District Satna of Madhya Pradesh. Chitrakuta district in Uttar Pradesh was created on 4 September 1998. [ [http://chitrakoot.nic.in District Unit Chitrakut, National Informatics Centre] ]Chitrakoot Parvat Mala includes Kamad Giri, Hanumaan Dhara, Janki Kund, Lakshman pahari, and Devangana famous Religious mountains.
History
Chitrakuta’s spiritual legacy stretches back to legendary ages: It was in these deep forests that
Rama ,Sita and his brotherLakshmana spent eleven and half years of their fourteen years of exile; the great sageAtri ,Sati Anusuya ,Dattatreya , MaharshiMarkandeya ,Sarbhanga ,Sutikshna and various other sages, seers, devotees and thinkers meditated; and here the principal trinity of theHindu pantheon,Brahma ,Vishnu andMahesh , took their incarnations. [Vinod Avasthi: "Chitrakuta darshan (Hindi)", Purushotam Das Agarwal, Banda]It is said that all the gods and goddesses came to Chitrakuta when Rama performed the "
Shraddha " ceremony of his father to partake of the "shuddhi " (i.e. a feast given to all the relatives and friends on the thirteenth day of the a death in the family). The first known mention of the place is in theValmiki Ramayana , which is believed to be the first everMahakavya composed by the first ever poet. AsValmiki is said to be contemporaneous with (or even earlier than) Rama and is believed to have composed theRamayana before the birth of Rama, the antiquity of its fame can well be gauged.Valmiki speaks of Chitrakuta as an eminently holy place inhabited by the great sages, abounding in monkeys, bears and various other kinds of fauna and flora. Both the sages
Bharadwaja andValmiki speak of Chitrakuta in glowing terms and advise Rama to make it his abode during the period of his exile. Lord Rama himself admits this bewitching impact of this place. In the 'Ramopakhyana ' and descriptions ofteertha s at various places in theMahabharata , Chitrakuta finds a favoured place. In 'Adhyatma Ramayana ' and 'Brihat Ramayana ' testify to the throbbing spiritually and natural beauty of Chitrakuta. VariousSanskrit andHindi poets also have paid similar tributes to Chitrakuta. MahakaviKalidas has described this place beautifully in his epic 'Raghuvansha '. He was so much impressed with its charms that he made Chitrakuta (which he calls Ramgiri because of its time-honoured associations with lord Rama) the place of exile of hisyaksha inMeghdoot .Tulsidas , the saint-poet of Hindi has spoken very reverently of this place in all his major works-Ramcharit Manas ,Kavitawali ,Dohawali andVinaya Patrika . The last-mentioned work contains many verses which show a deep personal bond between Tulsidas and Chitrakuta. He spent quite some part of his life here worshipping Rama and craving his darshan. It was here that he had what he must have considered the crowning moment of his achievements--ie. the darshan of his beloved deity Lord Ram at the intercession of Hanumanji. His eminent friend, the noted Hindi poetRahim (i.e. Abdur Rahim Khankhana, the soldier-statesmen-saint-scholar-poet who was among the Nav-Ratnas ofAkbar ) also spent some time here, when he had fallen from favour with Akbar's son EmperorJahangir . [ [http://chitrakoot.nic.in District Unit Chitrakut, National Informatics Centre] ]Rama left Chitrakuta
When
Bharata was asked by his ministers to take his seat upon the throne ofAyodhya , he refused and came to Chitrakuta to meet Lord Rama. Here at place called Bharat Milap, Bharata met Lord Rama and requested him to return to Ayodhya and rule; but Lord Rama would not. Then Bharata returned back to Ayodhya and installed the sandals on the throne, and, living in retirement, carried on the government as their minister. Now Lord Rama decided for two reasons to leave Chitrakuta: first, inasmuch as hosts ofrakshasa s, out of hatred of him, annoyed the hermits of that place; and, secondly, because the host of men from Ayodhya had tampled and defiled the place; and, moreover, it reminded him too sharply of brother's grief and the citizens' and queen-mothers'. He went, therefore, withSita andLakshmana towardDandaka forest. [Sister Nivedita & Ananda K.Coomaraswamy: Myths and Legends of the Hindus and Bhuddhists, Kolkata, 2001 ISBN 81-7505-197-3]Demographics
As of 2001 Indiacensus [GR|India] , Chitrakoot had a population of 22,294. Males constitute 57% of the population and females 43%. Chitrakoot has an average literacy rate of 50%, lower than the national average of 59.5%; with male literacy of 63% and female literacy of 34%. 18% of the population is under 6 years of age.Communication
Chitrakuta is connected by air with the nearest airport at
Khajuraho , situated at a distance of 195 km, which connects withDelhi ,Agra andVaranasi .The nearest railhead is at Chitrakuta Dham Karvi (10 km) on the
Jhansi -Manikpur main line.Regular bus services connect Chitrakuta with
Jhansi ,Satna ,Mahoba ,Chitrakoot_Dham_%28Karwi%29 ,Harpalpur andChhatarpur . [Vinod Avasthi: "Chitrakuta darshan (Hindi)", Purushotam Das Agarwal, Banda]Places of tourist importance
Ramghat
The ghats that line the river
Mandakini are called Ramghat. Here, amidst the chanting hymns and the sweet fragrance of incense, holy men in saffron sit in silent meditation or offer the solace of their wisdom to the countless pilgrims who converge here. The evening "arti " here witnesses a deep and abiding faith in the sanctity of Chitrakuta. During the exile period Rama, Lakshmana and Sita took bath here and believed to have appeared before the poetTulsidas . Tulsidas has expressed that historical and religious incidence in the following metre inHindi ::चित्रकूट के घाट पै भई संतन की भीर ।:तुलसीदास चंदन घिसे तिलक देत रघुवीर ।। [Vinod Avasthi: Chitrakuta darshan (Hindi), Purushotam Das Agarwal, Banda ]
Kamadgiri
Kamadgiri, the original Chitrakuta, is a place of prime religious significance. A forested hill, it is skirted all along its base by a chain of temples and is venerated today as the holy embodiment of
Rama .Bharat Milap
Bharat Milap temple is located here, marking the spot where
Bharata is said to have metRama to persuaded him to return to the throne ofAyodhya .Janaki Kund
Janaki Kund is situated upstream the Ramghat where it is said that Sita would bath in the crystal clear waters of Mandakini river during the years of her exile with Rama.
ati Anusuya ashrama
Sati Anusuya ashrama is located further upstream, 16 km from the town, set amidst thick forests that round to the melody of birdsong all day. It was here thatAtri muni, his wifeAnusuya and their three sons (who were the three incarnations ofBrahma ,Vishnu andMahesh ), lived and are said to have meditated.As per description of
Valmiki at one time there was no rain in Chitrakuta for ten years. There was a severe famine and nothing was left to eat or drink for animals and birds. Sati Anusuya performed hard and intensive austerities and got the riverMandakini down on earth. This led to the greenery and forests to grow which removed the sufferings of all sages and the animals. [Ayodhya kanda - sarga 117 shloka 9, 10]Sati Anusuya ashrama at present is a very peaceful place where various streams from the hills converge and form the
Mandakini River. It is said thatRama along withSita had visited this place to meet MaharishiAtri andSati Anusuya . It is here Sati Anusuya explained to Sita the grandeur and importance of "sati tva". The dense forests ofDandaka start from this place. It was ruled byRavana . Ravana had appointed strong rakshasas likeKhara andViradha as its rulers. The place was infected by the terror ofrakshasa s. [Ayodhya kanda - sarga 116 shloka 11, 12]phatic Shila
A few kilometres beyond Janaki Kund is another densely forested area on the banks of the Mandakini. One can climb up to the boulder, which bears the Rama's footprint and where Sita was pecked at by Jayant in the form of crow.
Gupt-Godavari
Gupt-Godavari is situated at a distance of 18 km from town. Here is a pair of caves, one high and wide with an entrance through which one can barely pass, and the other long and narrow with stream of water running along its base. It is believed that
Rama andLakshmana held court in latter cave, which has two natural throne-like rocks.Hanuman Dhara
Located on a rock-face several hundred feet up a steep hillside is a spring, said to have been created by
Rama to assuageHanuman when the latter returned after settingLanka afire. A couple of temples commemorate this spot, which offers a panoramic view of Chitrakuta.Bharat Koop
Bharat Koop is where
Bharata stored holy water collected from all the places of pilgrimage in India. It is small, isolated spot a few kilometres from the town.References
External links
* [http://www.mptourism.com/pdfs/chitrakoot.pdf MP Tourism map]
* [http://www.bundelkhand.in/portal/photo-gallery/Chitrakoot Chitrakoot Photo Gallery]
* [http://www.vegetarian-restaurants.net/India-Guide/IndianStates/Uttar-Pradesh/Chitrakut-Citrakoot.htm Places to see Chitrakut]
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