- Alexander de Waghorn
infobox bishopbiog
name = Alexander de Waghorn
religion=Roman Catholic Church
See =Diocese of Ross
Title =Bishop of Ross
Period = 1398–1416 × 1418
consecration =
Predecessor =Alexander de Kylwos
Successor = "Thomas Lyell " /"Gruffydd Young "/John Bullock
post =Archdeacon of Ross (1381 × 1398–1398) | ordination =
bishops =
date of birth = unknown
place of birth = unknown
date of death =March 17 ,1416 ×February 14 ,1418
place of death =Alexander de Waghorn (d. 1416 × 1418),
Bishop of Ross , bears a surname that may suggest an origin in theGlasgow area of southernScotland , though there are other possibilities. [His name is known only from his seal, where it is written as " [Q] wachan"; see discussion and citations at Watt, "Dictionary", p. 562; the editor of "Beauly Charters", with no citation, gives his name as Alexander de Kilbuines.]His pre-episcopal life is not very well documented, but when he was provided to the bishopric of Ross in 1398, he already possessed a
Bachelorate in Decrees (i.e.canon law ) and bore the titleArchdeacon of Ross . [McGurk (ed.), "Papal Letters", p. 89; Watt, "Dictionary", p. 562; Watt, "Fasti Ecclesiae", pp. 385-6.] It is not known for how long he had held the latter title, but it could have been as early as August 1376, when the last known archdeaconAlexander Man was madeBishop of Caithness . [Watt, "Fasti Ecclesiae", p. 285.]It was on
August 17 ,1398 , thatAvignon Pope Benedict XIII provided Waghorn to the vacantdiocese of Ross ; the papal mandate of provision informs us that Alexander had been elected by thecathedral chapter to the vacant see, but that because the Pope had previously reserved the see for his own appointment, declared the election invalid, but "to prevent a long and harmful vacancy" he nevertheless provided Waghorn as bishop. [McGurk (ed.), "Papal Letters", p. 89.]There is a papal mandate, dated
May 4 ,1404 , in which three churchmen are told to confirm one clerk named William "de Tayn" ("ofTain ") asChancellor of Ross because William de Tayn "doubted the validity of his presentation and institution by Alexander, bishop of Ross". [McGurk (ed.), "Papal Letters", p. 120.] A similar mandate for confirmation, this time issued to theBishop of Moray (Henry de Lichton ) and datedAugust 16 ,1417 , was as a result of similar concerns, this time in relation to one John de Kylwos, regarding Kylwos' exchange of the Ross subdeanery for the treasurership, an exchange authorised by Bishop Alexander. [McGurk (ed.), "Papal Letters", p. 360.]On
June 30 ,1407 , a papal mandate was issued to theBishop of Dunkeld and theBishop of Caithness to receive Alexander's oath of fealty to the papal see, and to ensure that a copy of the oath was sent to the papal court by letters patent under Alexander's seal. [McGurk (ed.), "Papal Letters", p. 164.] This is somewhat of a long period since his provision, and may be explained if some of the secular authorities were opposing his provision.Watt, "Dictionary", p. 562.]At this time, there was a power struggle over the province of
Ross , the notable participants beingAlexander Leslie, Earl of Ross , and ally to theRobert Stewart, Duke of Albany ;Domhnall of Islay, Lord of the Isles , a magnate based on the western coast who was pressing his own claim to the earldom; andAlexander Stewart, Earl of Buchan , husband of the deceased Countess of Ross, Euphemia I. It is possible that Waghorn was a protégé of one of these men, and if he was, the most likely candidate is the Earl of Buchan, namely because he is found witnessing a number of charters of Isabella, Countess of Mar, wife of Buchan's illegitimate son,Alexander Stewart, Earl of Mar .Bishop Alexander witnessed, at
Kildrummy Castle in 1404, Isabella's deed handing over her rights to Buchan's son. He was at Perth inJuly 18 ,1408 , where he attended an ecclesiastical council and witnessed a deed. He can be found atSt Andrews onFebruary 4 andFebruary 6 ,1414 , attending the ceremonies celebrating the receipt of thepapal bull which authorised the founding of theUniversity of St Andrews ; Bishop Alexander made a sermon on February 6. [Dowden, "Bishops", p. 216; Watt, "Dictionary", p. 562.] He is found for the last time at Perth onMarch 17 ,1416 , witnessing atransumpt made by an ecclesiastical council. It is not known when he died, but the earliest secure date isFebruary 14 ,1418 . [Watt, "Dictionary", p. 562; Watt, Fasti Ecclesiae, p. 368.]Notes
References
* Dowden, John, "The Bishops of Scotland", ed. J. Maitland Thomson, (Glasgow, 1912)
* McGurk, Francis (ed.), "Calendar of Papal Letters to Scotland of Benedict XIII of Avignon, 1394-1419", (Edinburgh, 1976)
* Watt, D. E. R., "Fasti Ecclesiae Scotinanae Medii Aevi ad annum 1638", 2nd Draft, (St Andrews, 1969)
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