Nicolas Courtois

Nicolas Tadeusz Courtois is a cryptographer, a senior lecturer in computer science at University College London.^[1]

Courtois was one of the co-authors of both the XSL attack against block ciphers such as the Advanced Encryption Standard^[2][3] and the XL system for solving systems of algebraic equations,^[4] used in the attack. Other cryptographic results of Courtois include algebraic attacks on stream ciphers,^[5] attacks on the KeeLoq and Hitag 2 systems used for remote keyless automobile entry systems,^[6] and an analysis of cryptographic weaknesses in public transit smart cards including the London Underground Oyster card^[7] and the Dutch OV-chipkaart.^[8][6]

Courtois graduated from University of Paris VI: Pierre et Marie Curie, where he got his doctoral degree in cryptography.^[9]

References

1. ^ Staff profile from UCL, retrieved 2010-12-22.
2. ^ Courtois, Nicolas T.; Pieprzyk, Josef (2002), "Cryptanalysis of block ciphers with overdefined systems of equations", Advances in Cryptology – AsiaCrypt 2002, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2501, Springer-Verlag, pp. 267–287, doi:10.1007/3-540-36178-2_17 .
3. ^ Greene, Thomas C. (September 16, 2002), New AES crypto standard broken already? Depends who you ask, The Register, http://www.theregister.co.uk/2002/09/16/new_aes_crypto_standard_broken/ .
4. ^ Courtois, Nicolas; Klimov, Alexander; Patarin, Jacques; Shamir, Adi (2000), "Efficient algorithms for solving overdefined systems of multivariate polynomial equations", Advances in Cryptology – EuroCrypt 2000, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1807, Springer-Verlag, pp. 392–407, doi:10.1007/3-540-45539-6_27 .
5. ^ Courtois, Nicolas T. (2003), "Fast algebraic attacks on stream ciphers with linear feedback", Advances in Cryptology – Crypto 2003, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2729, Springer-Verlag, pp. 176–194, doi:10.1007/978-3-540-45146-4_11 .
6. ^ ^{a b} Blincoe, Robert (July 28, 2008), Oyster cracker vows to clone cards: Cloning kit could sell for just £200, says researcher, v3.co.uk, http://www.v3.co.uk/vnunet/news/2222625/oyster-cracker-clone-cards .
7. ^ Charlesworth, Andrew (June 23, 2008), Researchers crack Oyster card security, v3.co.uk, http://www.v3.co.uk/vnunet/news/2219828/london-oyster-cracked .
8. ^ de Winter, Brenno (April 18, 2008), "Weer nieuwe kraak chip OV-chipkaart" (in Dutch), WebWereld, http://webwereld.nl/nieuws/50715/weer-nieuwe-kraak-chip-ov-chipkaart.html .
9. ^ Nicolas T. Courtois at the Mathematics Genealogy Project..

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Name	Courtois, Nicolas Tadeusz
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