USS Morse (1861)

USS "Morse" (1861) was a ferryboat acquired by the Union Navy during the American Civil War. Ferryboats were of great value, since, because of their flat bottom and shallow draft, they could navigate streams and shallow waters that other ships could not.

"Morse", a wooden sidewheel ferryboat built at New York in 1861, was purchased by the Navy at New York as "Marion" 7 November 1861, and commissioned 9 November 1861, Acting Master Peter Hays in command.

Assigned to the North Atlantic Blockade

Morse arrived Hampton Roads, Virginia, 20 November 1861 to join the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron. She lay off Newport News, Virginia, until 29 December when she steamed across Hampton Roads to attempt to capture "CSS Sea Bird"; "Morse’s" shelling drove the steamer to the protection of three batteries at Sewell’s Point.

Bombardment and capture of Roanoke Island

Heated action began for "Morse" in January 1862 when she joined the Roanoke Island expedition with 16 additional shallow draft gunboats. The expedition departed Hampton Roads 11 January and began bombarding the fortifications 7 February. The campaign resulted in Union capture of the island 8 February, threatening Confederate communications and opening the rear defenses to Norfolk, Virginia. On 9 February, "Morse" and USS|Commodore Perry|1859 steamed up Croatan Sound for Elizabeth City, North Carolina, to destroy Confederate gunboats and break up canal communications. Crossing Dismal Swamp Canal, the gunboats spotted Confederate ships and shore batteries. Firing from the ships drove the southerners from their guns and scattered the Confederate vessels. The Union squadron captured or destroyed Confederate ships "Sea Bird", "Fanny", "Ellie", "Forrest", and "Black Warrior", permitting capture of the town 10 February.

Reconnoitering Croatan Sound

"Morse" and five additional gunboats departed Hatteras Inlet 23 February to reconnoiter Croatan Sound. Strong Confederate forces at Winton, North Carolina, opened heavy fire on USS|Delaware|1861, the lead ship, with artillery and musketry. The ships returned the attack, firing on the battery and landing the 9th New York Zouaves, who entered Winton, destroying military stores, tents, arms, and gear. "Morse" departed Hatteras Inlet with 12 other ships 12 March for Brant Island, Neuse River to cover the disembarkation of troops in the New Berne campaign. The joint Army Navy expedition captured the town 14 March and the last of the batteries the 16th.

Patrolling the York River

"Morse" spent the remainder of the spring and summer scouting and patrolling the York River, protecting transports and aiding operations of the Army on Pamunkey River in June. Joining the James River Flotilla in July, she captured supplies on Mattapony River the following May, scouting the river to Frazier’s Ferry and silencing Confederate guns above West Point, Virginia. "Morse" joined seven others in capturing Fort Powhatan, James River 14 July 1863. In November, "Morse" joined the expedition to Mathews County, Virginia, a peninsula between Mobjack Bay and Plankatank River and a base for Confederate raiders. Information from captured guerrillas on plans to capture a schooner and to destroy the lights on Chesapeake Bay sent "Morse" up East River to throttle these efforts.

Attack on Sheppard’s Landing

After searching out torpedoes (mines) on Purtan Bay in February 1864, "Morse" joined General Wister’s campaign on the Mattapony River, attacking King and Queen Courthouse. One thousand infantry went ashore from the Union ships at Sheppard’s Landing 13 March. After a feint attack on West Point, Virginia, in May, "Morse" evacuated troops from that point. After scouting duty throughout the spring and summer, "Morse" joined the Potomac Flotilla later in the winter.

Career after decommissioning and sale

"Morse" relieved "Delaware" on the Rappahannock River in March 1865, aiding the Army in its efforts to take Fort Lowry. She decommissioned and went to the Washington Navy Yard 21 May. "Morse" was sold there at public auction to the East Boston Ferry Co., 20 July. Redocumented "Lincoln" 12 December, she continued to serve American commerce until abandoned in 1885.

References

See also

* United States Navy
* American Civil War

External links

* [http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/m15/morse.htm USS Morse]