- Encirclement Campaign against Hunan–Jiangxi Soviet
Infobox Military Conflict
conflict=Encirclement Campaign againstHunan -Jiangxi Soviet
partof=theChinese Civil War
place=border region ofHuan -Jiangxi province s,China
date=January 29 ,1930 -March 24 ,1930
result=Communist victory
combatant1=
combatant2=
commander1= Wang Jingyu 王金钰
commander2= ?
strength1= 35,000
strength2= 2,000
casualties1= 3,500
casualties2= ?|The Encirclement Campaign against
Hunan -Jiangxi Soviet was a series of battles launched by the ChineseNationalist Government that was intended to destroy communistHunan -Hubei -Sichuan -Guizhou Soviet and itsChinese Red Army in the local region. It was responded by theCommunist s’ Counter-Encirclement Campaign atHunan -Jiangxi Soviet (zh-c|c=湘赣苏区反围剿), also called by the communists as the Counter-Encirclement Campaign atHunan -Jiangxi Revolutionary Base (zh-c|c=湘赣革命根据地反围剿), in which the localChinese Red Army successfully defended their soviet republic in the border region ofHunan -Jiangxi province s against the Nationalist attacks fromJanuary 29 ,1930 toMarch 24 ,1930 .First Stage
In January, 1931, to support other communist forces in their struggles against the Encirclement Campaign against Hunan-Hubei-Jiangxi Soviet, the communist Eastern
Hunan Chinese Red Army Independent Division of theHunan -Jiangxi Soviet struck westernHunan , and also launched massive guerrilla warfare in southeasternHunan . FromJanuary 29 ,1931 thruFebruary 9 ,1931 , communist EasternHunan Chinese Red Army Independent Division succeeded in taking regions including Ling (酃) County, the town ofZixing and the town of Yongxing (永兴), and three nationalist local security regiments guarding these towns and completely destroyed along with a regiment of the nationalist 57th Brigade sent to reinforce these regions.In early February, 1931, the
Chinese Red Army 7th Army was forced to abandon their bases inGuangxi and traveled northward to join other communist, and the communist forces ofHunan -Jiangxi Soviet was tasked to link up with theChinese Red Army 7th Army so the communist EasternHunan Chinese Red Army Independent Division returned to Lotus Flower (Lianhua, 莲花) county. Capitalizing on their victory, the communists expanded their force and the (communist ) EasternHunan Chinese Red Army Independent Division was renamed as the (communist ) SoutheasternHunan Independent Division, with a new regiment, the 2nd Regiment established, and the division was consisted of a total of three regiments, totaling more than 1,500 troops.Order of battle Nationalist
order of battle : (35,000 total):First Stage:
*Ling (酃) County Security Regiment
*Zixing Security Regiment
*Yongxing (永兴) Security Regiment
*A regiment of the nationalist 57th BrigadeSecond Stage:
*5th Route Army commanded by Wang Jingyu (王金钰)
**28th Division commanded by Gong Bingpan (公秉藩)
**43rd Division commanded by Guo Huazong (郭华宗)
**47th Division commanded by Shangguan Yunxiang (上官云相)
**54th Division commanded byHao Mengling
**77th Division commanded by Luo Lin (罗霖)
Communistorder of battle (1,500 total):First Stage:
*EasternHunan Chinese Red Army Independent Division
**1st Regiment
**2nd RegimentSecond Stage:
*SoutheasternHunan Independent Division
**1st Regiment
**2nd Regiment
**3rd Regimentecond Stage
In March, 1931, nationalists were already in their mobilization for the planned
Second Encirclement Campaign against Jiangxi Soviet . The nationalist 5th Route Army deployed was en route toJiangxi Soviet , and was tasked to first destroy theHunan -Jiangxi Soviet on its way when the situation permitted. The nationalist 5th Route Army consequently begun their push towardJi'an , Jishui (吉水), and Eternal Abundance (永丰) fromPingxiang, Jiangxi andYichun, Jiangxi . The communist high command of the 1st Front Army of theChinese Red Army ofJiangxi Soviet ordered the local communist force of theHunan -Jiangxi Soviet to launch a preemptive strike against the nationalist 5th Route Army in order to delay its deployment against theJiangxi Soviet .The communist Southeastern
Huan Independent Division guarding theHunan -Jiangxi Soviet deployed its 1st Regiment and the 2nd Regiment to strikePingxiang, Jiangxi andYichun, Jiangxi , and its 3rd Regiment was ordered to southeasternHunan to join up with theChinese Red Army 7th Army fromGuangxi , which by then had reached the border region ofGuangdong andHunan province s. The communist preemptive surprise attack had successfully disrupted and halted the nationalist encirclement campaign against theHunan -Jiangxi , and also slowed the nationalist 5th Route Army in its deployment against theJiangxi Soviet .On
March 14 ,1931 , the 3rd Regiment of the communist SoutheasternHuan Independent Division successfully linked up with the vanguard of theChinese Red Army 7th Army in the region of Shiduwei (十都圩) in Bi (鄙) County and begun their return journey. OnMarch 24 ,1931 , the communists ambushed and destroyed an entire regiment of the nationalist 19th Division, and this last battle of the encirclement campaign forced the nationalists to stop their offensives completely to withdraw and regroup. Meantime, the communists did the same by returning to Lotus Flower (Lianhua, 莲花) county. The communist SoutheasternHunan Independent Division and the 58th Regiment of theChinese Red Army 7th Army subsequently moved eastward to the region to the east of Eternal Sun (Yongyang, 永阳), and joined the 175th Regiment of theChinese Red Army 20th Army in the local region.Aftermath
Although the nationalist 5th Route Army was ready later for another round of offensives after resting and regrouping, the nationalist high command had a different idea. After careful analysis, the nationalist high command deducted that its 5th Route Army was better deployed for the
Second Encirclement Campaign against Jiangxi Soviet instead of for further encirclement campaign againstHunan -Jiangxi Soviet, because if the main communist base,Jiangxi Soviet was destroyed, the smallerHunan -Jiangxi Soviet would not last for long either. It was really not worth wasting the valuable troops to be tied down on smaller local communist bases so the nationalist 5th Route Army was ordered away to complete its deployment for its original purpose against their main target,Jiangxi Soviet , and theHunan -Jiangxi Soviet was left alone for the time being.ee also
*List of battles of the Chinese Civil War
*National Revolutionary Army
*History of the People's Liberation Army
*Chinese Civil War
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