- DA-Notice
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A DA-Notice or Defence Advisory Notice (called a Defence Notice or D-Notice until 1993) is an official request to news editors not to publish or broadcast items on specified subjects for reasons of national security. The system is still in use in the United Kingdom.
Contents
United Kingdom
In the UK the original D-Notice system was introduced in 1912 and run as a voluntary system by a joint committee headed by an Assistant Secretary of the War Office and a representative of the Press Association.
Any D-Notices or DA-notices are advisory requests so are not legally enforceable and hence news editors can, in theory, choose not to abide by them. However, they are generally complied with by the media.[1] In 1971, all existing D-Notices were cancelled and replaced by standing D-Notices that gave general guidance on what could be published and what could not, and what would require further advice from the secretary of the Defence, Press and Broadcasting Advisory Committee (DPBAC). In 1993, the notices were renamed DA-Notices.
As of 2008[update], there are five standing DA-Notices:[2]
- DA-Notice 01: Military Operations, Plans & Capabilities
- DA-Notice 02: Nuclear and Non-Nuclear Weapons and Equipment
- DA-Notice 03: Ciphers and Secure Communications
- DA-Notice 04: Sensitive Installations and Home Addresses
- DA-Notice 05: United Kingdom Security & Intelligence Special Services
On 8 April 2009, the Committee issued a DA-Notice in relation to sensitive anti-terror documents photographed when Assistant-Commissioner Bob Quick arrived at Downing Street for talks about current intelligence.[3]
On 25 November 2010, the Committee issued a DA-Notice (types 1 and 5) in relation to sensitive documents expected to be imminently released on the website WikiLeaks.[4][5][6]
Australia
A voluntary system of D-Notices was also used in Australia starting in 1952 during the Cold War period and were issued by the Defence, Press and Broadcasting Committee. At the first meeting of the Committee, eight D-Notices were issued covering atomic tests in Australia, aspects of naval shipbuilding, official ciphering, the number and deployment of Centurion tanks, troop movements in the Korean War, weapons and equipment information not officially released, aspects of air defence and certain aerial photographs.[7]
In 1974 the number of D-Notices was reduced to four, covering:[7]
- Technical information regarding navy, army and air force weapons, weapons systems, equipment and communications systems;
- Air operational capability and air defences;
- Whereabouts of Mr and Mrs Vladimir Petrov; and
- Ciphering and monitoring activities.
A fifth D-Notice relating to the Australian Secret Intelligence Service (ASIS) was issued in 1977.[7]
In 1982 D-Notices were again revised to four.[8]
- D Notice 1: Capabilities of the Australian Defence Force, Including Aircraft, Ships, Weapons, and Other Equipment;
- D Notice 2: Whereabouts of Mr and Mrs Vladimir Petrov;
- D Notice 3: Signals Intelligence and Communications Security; and
- D Notice 4: Australian Secret Intelligence Service (ASIS).
The Defence, Press and Broadcasting Committee has not met since 1982 although the D-Notice system remains the administrative responsibility of the Minister for Defence.[7]
The D-Notice system fell out of common use at the end of the Cold War but remained in force. The 1995 Commission of Inquiry into the Australian Secret Intelligence Service reported that newspapers confessed ignorance that the D-Notice system was still operating when it was drawn to their attention in 1993 and 1994.[9]
On 26 November 2010, Australian Attorney-General Robert McClelland sent a letter to heads of Australian media and other organisations proposing the creation of a new system similar to the D-Notice system.[10]
See also
References
- ^ Standing DA Notices
- ^ Details of the UK D-Notice system from dnotice.org.uk
- ^ Naughton, Philippe; Evans, Michael; Jenkins, Russell (2009-04-09). "Police chief Bob Quick resigns from the Met over terror blunder". The Times (London). http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/crime/article6064547.ece.
- ^ "WikiLeaks: UK Government has issued a ...". https://twitter.com/wikileaks/status/8206637680558080. Retrieved 2010-11-26. Wikileaks Twitter Feed
- ^ Butselaar, Emily (2010-11-26). "Wikileaks: UK issues DA-Notice as US briefs allies on fresh leak". Index on Censorship. http://www.indexoncensorship.org/2010/11/us-uk-wikileaks-d-notice-leak/. Retrieved 2010-11-26.
- ^ "WikiLeaks And The Role Of The DA Notice System". http://blogs.news.sky.com/editorsblog/Post:ab563867-3752-4c62-b87c-ed39791d11e3. Retrieved 2010-11-27.
- ^ a b c d Sadler, Pauline (May 2000). "The D-Notice System". Australian Press Council News.
- ^ "Fact sheet 49 – D Notices". National Archives of Australia. http://www.naa.gov.au/about-us/publications/fact-sheets/fs49.aspx.
- ^ Gordon J. Samuels and Michael H. Codd (1995), Report on the Australian Secret Intelligence Service - Commission of Inquiry into the Australian Secret Intelligence Service, Australian Government Publishing Service, pp. 114–115, ISBN 0644432012
- ^ Stewart, Cameron (2010-11-26). "Attorney-General Robert McClelland urges media to accept security curbs". The Australian. Archived from the original on 2010-11-26. http://www.theaustralian.com.au/national-affairs/attorney-general-robert-mcclelland-urges-media-to-accept-security-curbs/story-fn59niix-1225961188070. Retrieved 2010-11-26.
Further reading
- Christopher Moran, Classified: Secrecy and the State in Modern Britain (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012).
- Nicholas Wilkinson, Secrecy and the Media. The Official History of the United Kingdom's D-Notice System, (London: Routledge, 2009).
External links
Categories:- Censorship in the United Kingdom
- Censorship in Australia
- 1912 introductions
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