Hermann Helms

Helms, Hermann (born 1870, Brooklyn, New York State, USA; died 1963, Brooklyn, New York State, USA) was an American chess player, writer, and promoter.

Biography

Helms was born in Brooklyn, but spent much of his childhood in Hamburg, Germany and in Halifax, Canada, where a schoolmate taught him chess. He returned to live in Brooklyn at age 17, and settled in Brooklyn. His first notable chess achievement was as a member of the Brooklyn Chess Club team which won the New York Metropolitan League of 1894-95, with Harry Nelson Pillsbury as captain. As a player, Helms twice won the New York State Championship, and was of national Master strength, with an emphasis on sharp attacking play. During his chess career, he defeated such powers as Harry Nelson Pillsbury and Frank Marshall. Helms won the New York State Championship in 1925. [http://www.monmouth.com/~colonel/chess/nyschamps.html.] Helms also represented the United States in five cable matches against England, in the early part of the 20th century. He retired from most serious chess competition while in his 40s, but remained active in blitz tournaments at the Frank Marshall Chess Club until his late 80s.

Helms served as the chess columnist for The New York Times for over fifty years, until 1962. Helms founded the "American Chess Bulletin" in 1904, and would publish and edit this journal until his death in 1963. Helms wrote chess columns for the Brooklyn Daily Eagle newspaper from 1893 until the paper folded in 1955. Helms also wrote chess columns for the New York World for 15 years, for the New York Post for ten years, and for the New York World and Telegram for ten years.

Helms helped to organize the great international grandmaster events of New York 1924 (won by Emanuel Lasker and New York 1927 (won by Jose Raul Capablanca), which are among the most important tournaments ever staged. He edited the tournament books for those two events, which were written by Alexander Alekhine. Helms also organized and promoted national chess tours for top players such as Jose Raul Capablanca, Alexander Alekhine, Emanuel Lasker, Geza Maroczy, and Frank Marshall.

Helms was formally recognized in 1943 by the United States Chess Federation as the 'Dean of American Chess', and held this designation until his death at age 93 in 1963. Helms was called "the most important journalist in American chess history" by Arnold Denker and Larry Parr, in their well-respected 1995 book "The Bobby Fischer I Knew And Other Stories" (p. 329), which is the major source for this article.

Helms assisted Bobby Fischer in 1951 with his move into organized chess, when he responded to a letter from Bobby's mother Regina Fischer, who was seeking opponents in Brooklyn for her eight-year-old son. Helms encouraged and stimulated the young Fischer, who would develop very rapidly, and become U.S. Champion by age 14 in 1958, later going on to win the World Chess Championship in 1972.

There is a small file of ten of his games at chessgames.com. This includes several wins over Frank Marshall, one of the world's top players, as well as Helms' 'Immortal Game', a well-known stunning tactical win over James Smyth in 1915.

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