List of Subaru transmissions

Subaru manufactures all of their own manual transmissions and has used automatic transmissions from Jatco. Lately, all Subaru automatic transmissions have been Jatco designs adapted to Subaru specifications.

=Automatic=

Three Speed

All of Subaru's three speed automatic transmissions were made by JATCO.

3AT

*Gear Ratios: 1st 2.600 2nd 1.505 3rd 1.000 Rev 4.100
*Usage: 1975-1979 Subaru Leone

3AT 1st Revision

*Gear Ratios: 1st 2.600 2nd 1.505 3rd 1.000 Rev 2.166
*Usage: 1980-1982 Subaru Leone

3EAT

The 3EAT was an electronically controlled 3AT with available Single-Range 4WD.
*Gear Ratios: 1st 2.821 2nd 1.559 3rd 1.000 Rev 2.257
*Usage: 1983-1994 Subaru Leone 1985-1989 Subaru XT and Subaru BRAT

Four Speed

Subaru built their own four speed automatic transmission based on the old Jatco design. It was available in FWD and Full-Time AWD form.

ACT-4 or VTD

Subaru uses two types of traction delivery systems, called Active Torque Split, or the performance oriented Variable Torque Delivery, or VTD. Active Torque Split has a front axle bias of 90:10, and sends torque to the rear wheels when front traction loss is detected. The first system is the more commonly used setup used on most Subaru products. VTD has more of a rear axle bias varying in deployment ratios of 35:65. VTD is usually found in performance models equipped with a turbocharger. Active Torque Split and VTD are utilized on transmissions with at least 4 gears, or the 4EAT and 5EAT.

4EAT

This transmission was released in 1988 for use in the Subaru XT6 and Leone Touring Wagon. The bellhousing and input shaft were changed for the Subaru EJ engine, but this transmission is still in use today with only minor changes. Also, this transmission is a four speed automatic with a lock-up torque convertor, not a 3 speed automatic with automatic overdrive.
*Gear Ratios: 1st 2.785 2nd 1.545 3rd 1.000 4th 0.697 Rev 2.272
*Usage: 1988-1991 Subaru XT, 1990-2004 Subaru Legacy, 1992-1997 Subaru Alcyone SVX, and all Subarus 1995-Present

The Ford Motor Company also uses a transmission on some Ford, Kia, Mercury, and Mazda products called the E4AT, which shares some similarities with the Subaru, since they are both manufactured by Jatco. The Nissan Pathfinder has also used this transmission in the past with a different transfer case attached.

Five Speed

Subaru released the 5EAT w/ SportShift in 2003 based off the Jatco JR507E transmission.

5EAT

*Gear Ratios: 1st 3.080 2nd 2.264 3rd 1.471 4th 1.000 5th 0.834 Rev 3.372
*Usage: 2005+ Subaru Legacy GT, Subaru Outback, Subaru Tribeca

ix Speed

Subaru made a one off paddle-shift AWD transmission for their B11S Concept car built off of the 5EAT platform.

6EATT

*Gear Ratios: 1st 3.636 2nd 2.264 3rd 1.471 4th 1.000 5th 0.834 6th 0.700 Rev 3.272
*Usage: B11S Concept Car Only

=CVT=Subaru developed a CVT transmission for the Subaru Justy to gain reasonable acceleration and fuel economy from its small three cylinder engine. It employs a push-belt system and comes with an optional 4WD unit that engages the rear wheels when a button on the shifter is depressed. It also has a 'sport mode' that when activated nearly doubles engine RPM for better torque distribution when towing or going uphill. The Shift Indicator reads Park-Reverse-Neutral-Drive Normal-Drive Sport. Regretably, in the United States the CVT transmission proved unreliable due to longer distances and Subaru has not imported another car to the Americas with this transmission.
*Gear Ratios: Infinite
*Usage: 1989-1994 Subaru Justy

=Manual=

Four Speed

Subaru made several four speed transmissions from 1970-1989, they are listed below.

T71

*Gear Ratios: 1st 3.307 2nd 1.944 3rd 1.344 4th 0.942 Rev 4.100
*Usage: All 1970-1982 FWD

T71A 1st Revision

*Gear Ratios: 1st 3.636 2nd 1.950 3rd 1.193 4th 0.769 Rev 3.583
*Usage: All 1983-1989 Subaru Leone FWD 1600cc

T71W 4WD

*Gear Ratios: 1st 4.090 2nd 2.157 3rd 1.379 4th .971 Rev 4.100, Low Range 1.462
*Usage: 1975-1980 Subaru Leone and 1978-1981 Subaru Brat

T71W 4WD 1st Revision

*Gear Ratios: 1st 3.666 2nd 2.157 3rd 1.266 4th .885 Rev 4.100, Low Range 1.462
*Usage: 1981 Subaru Leone 1600cc

T81W 4WD

*Gear Ratios: 1st 3.636 2nd 1.950 3rd 1.266 4th .885 Rev 3.583, Low Range 1.462
*Usage: 1981 Subaru Leone 1800cc

T81W 4WD 1st Revision

*Gear Ratios: 1st 3.636 2nd 1.950 3rd 1.193 4th .769 Rev 3.583, Low Range 1.462
*Usage: 1982-1989 Subaru Leone 1800cc and 1982-1993 Subaru Brat (EA-81 engine only)

Five Speed

T71G

*Gear Ratios: 1st 3.666 2nd 2.157 3rd 1.266 4th .885 5th .725, Rev 4.100
*Usage: 1975-1982 Subaru Leone

T71G

*Gear Ratios: 1st 3.636 2nd 2.157 3rd 1.266 4th .885 5th .725, Rev 3.583
*Usage: 1983-1989 Subaru Leone 1600cc

T81G

*Gear Ratios: 1st 3.371 2nd 1.950 3rd 1.266 4th .885 5th .725, Rev 3.583
*Usage: 1983-1989 Subaru Leone 1800cc (EA-81 Engine ONLY)!

5MT EA

1st 3.636 2nd 1.950 3rd 1.344 4th .971 5th .783, Rev 3.583
*Usage: 1985-1994 Subaru Leone

5MT

This was the first and only five-speed 4WD transmission made for the Subaru Leone
*Gear Ratios: 1st 3.545 2nd 1.947 3rd 1.366 4th .972 5th .780, Rev 3.416 Low Range 1.196
*Usage: 1985-1994 Subaru Leone and 1985-1989 Subaru XT 1800cc

5MT Full-Time

This transmission was Subaru's first Full-Time 4WD transmission, only used in the Alcyone/XT6.
*Gear Ratios: 1st 3.545 2nd 2.111 3rd 1.448 4th 1.088 5th .871, Rev 3.416 Low Range 1.196
*Usage: 1988-1991 Subaru XT-6

5MT Justy

The Justy used a transaxle, rather than a conventional Subaru transmission. This transmission was dropped in 1994 when you could only get a 4WD unit.
*Gear Ratios: 1st 3.071 2nd 1.695 3rd 1.137 4th .823 5th .675, Rev 3.461 Final 4.437
*Usage: 1984-1993 Subaru Justy

5MT Justy 4WD

The Justy's transaxle was modified to fit push-button 4WD in 1988. The gear ratios were also altered slightly.
*Gear Ratios: 1st 3.071 2nd 1.695 3rd 1.137 4th .771 5th .631, Rev 3.461 Final 5.200
*Usage: 1988-1994 Subaru Justy

5MT

It is notable to mention that only Turbo vehicles received a hydraulic clutch until 1995. Also, in 1998 Subaru changed from a push-style clutch to a pull-style requiring minor bellhousing and fork changes.
*Gear Ratios: 1st 3.785 2nd 1.945 3rd 1.500 4th 0.994 5th 0.780/ (0.735 WRX) Rev 3.545
*Usage: All 1990-2003 with EJ-Engine

5MT Revised

*Gear Ratios: 1st 3.454 2nd 2.062 3rd 1.448 4th 1.088 5th 0.871 Rev 3.545
*Usage: All 2003-Present Subaru Non-Turbo

5MT Turbo

*Gear Ratios: 1st 3.166 2nd 1.882 3rd 1.296 4th 0.972 5th 0.738 Rev 3.545
*Usage: All 2003-Present Subaru Turbo

ix Speed

There are three six speed manual transmissions available for USDM Subarus. The STi and Legacy Spec B are the two vehicles that received them. The STi's 6mt has undergone various changes throughout the years but have always had a limited slip front differential and the DCCD. In 2006, The STi's 6mt underwent some changes that included making the center differential a limited slip unit and a slight lengthening of some gears. The Spec. B's 6mt has different gear ratios (specifically 6th gear being longer) than the STi's unit, does not have DCCD, and niether the front nor center differentials are limited slip units. The Spec B's 6mt is still highly prized; however, because of its longer ratios than those found in the STi, while still retaining much of the STi unit's robustness.

*Gear Ratios : 1st 3.636 2nd 2.375 3rd 1.761 4th 1.346 5th 0.971 6th 0.756 Rev 3.545 (This only applies to either the 04-05 STi or the 06+ STi, not both, and not the Spec B.).
*Usage: 2004+ Subaru WRX STI and 2006+ Subaru Legacy spec. B

=References=
* [http://www.subaru.com Subaru]
* [http://prosubaru.com/tech/transid.htm Subaru Transmission Specs]
* 1977 Subaru Factory Service Manual
* 1983 Subaru Factory Service Manual
* 1984 Subaru Factory Service Manual
* 1979-2002 Subaru Owner's Manuals

=Links=
* List of Subaru engines
* [http://www.vintagesubaruparts.com Vintage Subaru Parts]