- Louis Pierre Gratiolet
Louis Pierre Gratiolet (
July 6 ,1815 -February 16 ,1865 ) was a Frenchanatomist andzoologist who was a native ofSainte-Foy-la-Grande . He succeededIsidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire (1805-1861) as professor of zoology to the Faculty of Sciences at theUniversity of Paris .Gratiolet is remembered for his work in
neuroanatomy ,physiognomy andphysical anthropology . He did extensive research in the field ofcomparative anatomy , and performed important studies regarding the differences and similarities between human and various primate brains. He is also credited for introducing the demarcation of the brain's cortical surface into five lobes, (frontal lobe ,temporal lobe ,parietal lobe ,occipital lobe andinsular cortex ).With
Paul Broca (1824-1880) he performed correlative studies ofaphasia and thefrontal lobe . However, Gratiolet was a vocal critic of Broca regarding the latter's belief that a larger brain equated higher intelligence.
* Associated eponym:
* "Gratiolet's radiation": also known as the geniculocalcarine tract, which is a group ofaxon s fromrelay neuron s in thelateral geniculate nucleus of thethalamus that carry visual information to thevisual cortex .Selected writings
* "Anatomie comparée du système nerveux considéré dans ses rapports avec l’intelligence", with
François Leuret , Paris, Ballière, vol 1, 1839.
* "Mémoire sur les Plis Cérébraux de l"Homme et des Primates". Paris: Bertrand, 1854.
* "De la Physiognomie et des Mouvements d'Expression" (ConcerningPhysiognomy and the Movements of Expression) 1865.
* "Recherches sur l’anatomie de l’hippopotame". (Research concerning the Anatomy of theHippopotamus ) 1867.References
* "This article is based on a translation of an article from the French Wikipedia. "
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